Investigation Report on Comprehensive Reform and Vocational Education of Rural Education in Hubei, Hunan and Guangxi
Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi Rural Education Comprehensive Reform and Vocational Education Investigation Report All the Education Bureau Fan Ruhai in order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the National Vocational Education and Rural Education Work Conference, fully implement the Allied Committee and the Executive Office at the All-Economic Economic Work Conference The strategic goal is to learn from the successful experience of the field and actively promote the comprehensive and reform of rural education in China and the rapid and sustainable development of vocational education. The Education Bureau of the League has organized the deputy director Liu Hua as the head and assistant researcher Nie Zapeng as the deputy head. The educational study tour group went to Hubei Province, Hunan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to study and comprehensively reform rural education and vocational education. The delegation set off on April 1st in Beijing. It ended in Xupu County, Guangxi on April 12 and lasted for 12 days.
I. Investigation and Harvest The selected areas are the counties and cities in the central and western provinces with relatively backward economy; Yingshan County, Hubei Province, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, and Zhangpu County, Guangxi. The delegation heard the experience of the leaders of the local county and city education administration departments, and visited and visited the Yingshan County Polytechnic School, the Huaihua City Tourism School and the Wanchang Secondary School, the Dumo Town Middle School and the Shuangjiang Town Middle School. The three secondary vocational schools and two rural countries heard the introduction of the principals' experience in running schools. The overall impression of the members of the delegation is that the rural education and vocational education in these areas started earlier than the reform of our alliance, the thoughts were more liberated, the forms were diversified, and the school system was alive.
In response to a large number of ungraduated graduates, we will adjust the direction of running schools in rural areas, locate the goal of training talents, consolidate the achievements of the “Pujiu”, implement comprehensive reforms in rural education, and effectively serve the rural areas.
1. Yingshan County, Hubei Province is located in the southern foot of the Dabie Mountains. The hilly area is a national poverty-stricken county. The enrollment rate of middle school graduates entering the high school is more than 50%, which is similar to our alliance. In view of the fact that nearly 50% of the rural countries can't go to school, Yingshan County has achieved remarkable results by implementing the four major projects of education and agriculture, and deepening the comprehensive reform of rural education. The first is the national vocational training project. Practical technical training will be carried out in the whole county, and layered teaching, classification technology and segmentation arrangements will be implemented. The practical technical training of the country adheres to the principle of being practical, practical, and practical, and imparting practical skills that are urgently needed in rural areas. The second is the “five-link service” project of the vocational school. Based on the principle of “extensive, typical and radiative”, the rural middle school in the county carefully selects education and agriculture to connect with villages, schools, fields, groups and households. Priority is given to training rural practical talents in connection with villages, farms, groups and households, free screening of scientific and technical video materials, free publication of popular science brochures, timely guidance of production, appropriate funding and material support, and regular training of teachers for contact schools. The third is the “Double Million” project at the school. “Double Hundred” is a county, township and village third-level adult cultural and technical school to contact 100 science and technology demonstration groups to promote 200 rural practical technologies; “Double Thousand” is to establish 1,000 courtyard economy model households with per capita annual income of 2,000 yuan. "Double million" is to establish 10,000 technology-rich leaders, making their family annual income more than 20,000 yuan. To achieve the purpose of selecting a project, developing a technology, training a group of talents, and getting rich farmers. The fourth is the infiltration project of the National Vocational Education. The county's national small and small schools carry out the "two lessons and two energy" vocational and technical education. The "second lesson" is a good labor class and a vocational technical class. "Two energy" is that students can master basic labor skills and help families get rich. The County Education Bureau also organized and compiled the rural textbook of "Country Breeding Technology".
2. Zhangpu County is a semi-mountainous county dominated by agriculture in northern Guangxi. After taking the lead in the rural areas of Guangxi in 1994, the county government and the county government boldly reformed and comprehensively carried out vocational and technical education with “green certificate” training as the main content in the rural areas of the county, and incorporated the county’s “green certificate project” overall planning. The establishment of special funds will be uniformly deployed by the county rural education comprehensive reform leading group, clarifying the specific responsibilities and obligations of the township party committees, governments and agricultural science and technology departments. The education department will take the initiative and implement it steadily, and open up the rural middle school education after the “Pujiu” Deepen reform and provide a broad channel for rural economic construction. The main practice is to uniformly stipulate that the county's state and the middle are fully infiltrated on the basis of voluntary “2.5+0.5” diversion, and concentrate on specialized course training after diversion. The second is to unify the requirements of the “Green Certificate” professional course, increase some practical rural technical training, carry out various forms of vocational and labor group activities, stimulate students' multi-faceted interests, and cultivate a variety of labor skills. Third, the county “Green Certificate Office” uniformly printed and printed “Scientific Breeding Technology” as a special teaching material, and the school also compiled local textbooks. Fourth, the County Education Bureau listed this work as a quantitative management of educational goals. Fifth, the county “Green Certificate Office” arranged the “Green Certificate” professional departments to organize the examination of professional knowledge and practical skills in accordance with the standards set by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Middle vocational schools are oriented to employment, export-driven imports, and the development of skilled personnel with knowledge, technology, management and management.
1. The Yingshan County Polytechnic Secondary School in Hubei Province was originally a county-level vocational high school with hundreds of students. In 1999, Yingshan County merged the teacher training school, the TV University and the county adult secondary school into a county science and technology secondary school. In 1999, there were 858 full-time students, 2,528 in 2003, and 3,100 in 2004. In 2001, the school entered the provincial key, and in 2003 it entered the national key. President Hu Weifu said that due to the county's financial difficulties, the school mainly relies on its own development. There are 186 faculty members and 141 employees in the school. In 2003, the wages were 2.64 million, the finances only allocated 920,000 yuan, and the school started to pay 172 yuan. In recent years, the school has invested nearly 2 million yuan in building and equipment purchases. The school’s successful experience is to broaden exports and thereby encourage enrollment. The school insists on enrolling students all the year round. According to the students' voluntarily, the students are divided into three parts: comprehensive high school students, counterpart college students and secondary school students. The fees for the three classes are different, and the cost per student per semester varies from 850 to 1250 yuan. The number of high school students is about 20%. They mainly study ordinary high school courses, and take one or two professional courses. After graduation, they take the general entrance exam. The number of students in the counter-test group is 30%. The middle vocational culture class and professional courses are offered. After graduation, they take the vocational counterparts. In recent years, the number of students in the entrance examinations is 100%. The number of working classes is the highest and the fees are the highest. After graduation, the school is responsible for contacting recommended employment. The employment rate has exceeded 95% for several consecutive years. The school is staffed by a deputy principal. There are 30 internships, employment and joint schools or enterprises in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The employment of the school is not based on intermediaries, but employment offices in Shenzhen and Shanghai. There are two employees stationed in the year to contact employment.
2. Huaihua City, Hunan Province is a prefecture-level poverty-stricken area in western Hunan. There are 53 secondary vocational schools with more than 60,000 secondary school students. The number of private vocational schools and the number of students in the school account for 50% of the total number of students and the total number of students in the school. In the high school, the student’s employment is 57:43.
Huaihua Tourism School is a public school. There are more than 130 faculty members and more than 2,000 students. The school earns more than 3 million yuan a year. In recent years, 600-700 graduates each year, except for a few departments to participate in counterpart education, the rest is mainly employment. There are very few jobs in Huaihua City, mainly in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Beijing, Shanghai, etc. The employment rate of graduates exceeds 98%.
Wanchang Vocational School is a private school. It was founded by Wang Yicheng in 1996. The number of students in the school has grown from 400 in the year to more than 4,000 now. More than 1,000 students are enrolled each year. The school always adheres to the "order" way to run schools, combines long-term education with short-term training, and implements one-stop service of "enrollment, professional training, introduction of employment, and follow-up management", forming a "labor service company + vocational school + employment unit + tracking management" School mode. The annual employment rate of graduates in schools is over 98%. More than 1,000 graduates this year, and the principal received orders of 3,000 nylon socks. The school eats “three pieces” in income: training fees, output fees, and tracking management fees.
The reason why Huaihua City’s vocational education is at the forefront of the country is that the government gives policy support. The number of vocational school enrollment is included in the two series of goals of government and education every year. Second, the school has a flexible way of running schools. It is mainly based on “orders”. The school has a school-running agreement with more than 30 foreign-funded enterprises. There are employment offices in developed areas all the year round, and one school leader specializes in employment. Third, the school attaches importance to professional courses and experimental study classes, and strengthens the construction of professional equipment. The proportion of cultural and professional courses in vocational schools in Huaihua City is 3:7, emphasizing the professional theories and professional skills of students and enhancing the employment competitiveness of graduates. The professional teaching equipment and scale of the above two schools are first-class in the province. The fourth is to pay close attention to the quality of education and teaching. More than 80% of the students in the school are rural, so most of them are residential students. The school is very strict in the management of students, and strengthens the evaluation in teaching.
Second, the enlightenment and thinking brought about by the investigation about the comprehensive reform of rural education in China
1. Strengthening the comprehensive reform of rural education, strengthening the integration of the "three educational systems" and the "agricultural science and education" must rely on the government's attention, especially the county and township governments, to coordinate and lead.
2. The comprehensive reform of rural education in China should launch a new round of experiments, roll up the development of new experimental areas, and develop evaluation criteria.
3. The comprehensive reform of rural education cannot be uniform. All regions and schools must explore the methods and approaches for comprehensive reform of rural education in the region by combining the industrial characteristics of the region with the characteristics of the school.
4. Strengthen the penetration of vocational courses from the middle of the country; implement diversion education for students who do not wish to go to school or pursue further studies, and cultivate their skills.
5. Under the overall coordination of county and township governments, the science and technology training work of rural adult cultural and technical schools and the scientific and technological training of farmers and herdsmen are all managed and undertaken by rural middle schools.
6. Further strengthen the construction of the base and play the role of experiment, demonstration and promotion.
7. Strengthen the construction of teaching materials and the construction of local local textbooks. Regardless of the form of the comprehensive reform of rural education, there must be a local textbook that combines the characteristics of the regional industry.
8. Focus on promoting the experience of Bayu Middle School.
Vocational education work
1. Increase the intensity of enrollment work. In order to enroll students in vocational schools, the government must formulate corresponding stimulating policies to take various measures to increase the intensity of enrollment work.
2. Strengthen the guidance for the employment of secondary vocational school graduates, and include the employment of graduates in the evaluation of vocational school work. Vocational schools must increase employment guidance and graduate employment work, must be led by a special leader, special personnel to grasp, perennial grasp, follow-up. Don't rely solely on intermediaries for employment, schools must have direct involvement.
3. Schools should strengthen a wide range of joint education and implement “order” education.
4. Secondary vocational schools must pay attention to practicing internal strength, improve the quality of education and teaching, and enhance the market competitiveness of products. Adjust the curriculum structure, strengthen the teaching of professional theories and professional skills, improve the quality of education and teaching, and enhance the employment competitiveness of graduates.
I. Investigation and Harvest The selected areas are the counties and cities in the central and western provinces with relatively backward economy; Yingshan County, Hubei Province, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, and Zhangpu County, Guangxi. The delegation heard the experience of the leaders of the local county and city education administration departments, and visited and visited the Yingshan County Polytechnic School, the Huaihua City Tourism School and the Wanchang Secondary School, the Dumo Town Middle School and the Shuangjiang Town Middle School. The three secondary vocational schools and two rural countries heard the introduction of the principals' experience in running schools. The overall impression of the members of the delegation is that the rural education and vocational education in these areas started earlier than the reform of our alliance, the thoughts were more liberated, the forms were diversified, and the school system was alive.
In response to a large number of ungraduated graduates, we will adjust the direction of running schools in rural areas, locate the goal of training talents, consolidate the achievements of the “Pujiu”, implement comprehensive reforms in rural education, and effectively serve the rural areas.
1. Yingshan County, Hubei Province is located in the southern foot of the Dabie Mountains. The hilly area is a national poverty-stricken county. The enrollment rate of middle school graduates entering the high school is more than 50%, which is similar to our alliance. In view of the fact that nearly 50% of the rural countries can't go to school, Yingshan County has achieved remarkable results by implementing the four major projects of education and agriculture, and deepening the comprehensive reform of rural education. The first is the national vocational training project. Practical technical training will be carried out in the whole county, and layered teaching, classification technology and segmentation arrangements will be implemented. The practical technical training of the country adheres to the principle of being practical, practical, and practical, and imparting practical skills that are urgently needed in rural areas. The second is the “five-link service” project of the vocational school. Based on the principle of “extensive, typical and radiative”, the rural middle school in the county carefully selects education and agriculture to connect with villages, schools, fields, groups and households. Priority is given to training rural practical talents in connection with villages, farms, groups and households, free screening of scientific and technical video materials, free publication of popular science brochures, timely guidance of production, appropriate funding and material support, and regular training of teachers for contact schools. The third is the “Double Million” project at the school. “Double Hundred” is a county, township and village third-level adult cultural and technical school to contact 100 science and technology demonstration groups to promote 200 rural practical technologies; “Double Thousand” is to establish 1,000 courtyard economy model households with per capita annual income of 2,000 yuan. "Double million" is to establish 10,000 technology-rich leaders, making their family annual income more than 20,000 yuan. To achieve the purpose of selecting a project, developing a technology, training a group of talents, and getting rich farmers. The fourth is the infiltration project of the National Vocational Education. The county's national small and small schools carry out the "two lessons and two energy" vocational and technical education. The "second lesson" is a good labor class and a vocational technical class. "Two energy" is that students can master basic labor skills and help families get rich. The County Education Bureau also organized and compiled the rural textbook of "Country Breeding Technology".
2. Zhangpu County is a semi-mountainous county dominated by agriculture in northern Guangxi. After taking the lead in the rural areas of Guangxi in 1994, the county government and the county government boldly reformed and comprehensively carried out vocational and technical education with “green certificate” training as the main content in the rural areas of the county, and incorporated the county’s “green certificate project” overall planning. The establishment of special funds will be uniformly deployed by the county rural education comprehensive reform leading group, clarifying the specific responsibilities and obligations of the township party committees, governments and agricultural science and technology departments. The education department will take the initiative and implement it steadily, and open up the rural middle school education after the “Pujiu” Deepen reform and provide a broad channel for rural economic construction. The main practice is to uniformly stipulate that the county's state and the middle are fully infiltrated on the basis of voluntary “2.5+0.5” diversion, and concentrate on specialized course training after diversion. The second is to unify the requirements of the “Green Certificate” professional course, increase some practical rural technical training, carry out various forms of vocational and labor group activities, stimulate students' multi-faceted interests, and cultivate a variety of labor skills. Third, the county “Green Certificate Office” uniformly printed and printed “Scientific Breeding Technology” as a special teaching material, and the school also compiled local textbooks. Fourth, the County Education Bureau listed this work as a quantitative management of educational goals. Fifth, the county “Green Certificate Office” arranged the “Green Certificate” professional departments to organize the examination of professional knowledge and practical skills in accordance with the standards set by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Middle vocational schools are oriented to employment, export-driven imports, and the development of skilled personnel with knowledge, technology, management and management.
1. The Yingshan County Polytechnic Secondary School in Hubei Province was originally a county-level vocational high school with hundreds of students. In 1999, Yingshan County merged the teacher training school, the TV University and the county adult secondary school into a county science and technology secondary school. In 1999, there were 858 full-time students, 2,528 in 2003, and 3,100 in 2004. In 2001, the school entered the provincial key, and in 2003 it entered the national key. President Hu Weifu said that due to the county's financial difficulties, the school mainly relies on its own development. There are 186 faculty members and 141 employees in the school. In 2003, the wages were 2.64 million, the finances only allocated 920,000 yuan, and the school started to pay 172 yuan. In recent years, the school has invested nearly 2 million yuan in building and equipment purchases. The school’s successful experience is to broaden exports and thereby encourage enrollment. The school insists on enrolling students all the year round. According to the students' voluntarily, the students are divided into three parts: comprehensive high school students, counterpart college students and secondary school students. The fees for the three classes are different, and the cost per student per semester varies from 850 to 1250 yuan. The number of high school students is about 20%. They mainly study ordinary high school courses, and take one or two professional courses. After graduation, they take the general entrance exam. The number of students in the counter-test group is 30%. The middle vocational culture class and professional courses are offered. After graduation, they take the vocational counterparts. In recent years, the number of students in the entrance examinations is 100%. The number of working classes is the highest and the fees are the highest. After graduation, the school is responsible for contacting recommended employment. The employment rate has exceeded 95% for several consecutive years. The school is staffed by a deputy principal. There are 30 internships, employment and joint schools or enterprises in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The employment of the school is not based on intermediaries, but employment offices in Shenzhen and Shanghai. There are two employees stationed in the year to contact employment.
2. Huaihua City, Hunan Province is a prefecture-level poverty-stricken area in western Hunan. There are 53 secondary vocational schools with more than 60,000 secondary school students. The number of private vocational schools and the number of students in the school account for 50% of the total number of students and the total number of students in the school. In the high school, the student’s employment is 57:43.
Huaihua Tourism School is a public school. There are more than 130 faculty members and more than 2,000 students. The school earns more than 3 million yuan a year. In recent years, 600-700 graduates each year, except for a few departments to participate in counterpart education, the rest is mainly employment. There are very few jobs in Huaihua City, mainly in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Beijing, Shanghai, etc. The employment rate of graduates exceeds 98%.
Wanchang Vocational School is a private school. It was founded by Wang Yicheng in 1996. The number of students in the school has grown from 400 in the year to more than 4,000 now. More than 1,000 students are enrolled each year. The school always adheres to the "order" way to run schools, combines long-term education with short-term training, and implements one-stop service of "enrollment, professional training, introduction of employment, and follow-up management", forming a "labor service company + vocational school + employment unit + tracking management" School mode. The annual employment rate of graduates in schools is over 98%. More than 1,000 graduates this year, and the principal received orders of 3,000 nylon socks. The school eats “three pieces” in income: training fees, output fees, and tracking management fees.
The reason why Huaihua City’s vocational education is at the forefront of the country is that the government gives policy support. The number of vocational school enrollment is included in the two series of goals of government and education every year. Second, the school has a flexible way of running schools. It is mainly based on “orders”. The school has a school-running agreement with more than 30 foreign-funded enterprises. There are employment offices in developed areas all the year round, and one school leader specializes in employment. Third, the school attaches importance to professional courses and experimental study classes, and strengthens the construction of professional equipment. The proportion of cultural and professional courses in vocational schools in Huaihua City is 3:7, emphasizing the professional theories and professional skills of students and enhancing the employment competitiveness of graduates. The professional teaching equipment and scale of the above two schools are first-class in the province. The fourth is to pay close attention to the quality of education and teaching. More than 80% of the students in the school are rural, so most of them are residential students. The school is very strict in the management of students, and strengthens the evaluation in teaching.
Second, the enlightenment and thinking brought about by the investigation about the comprehensive reform of rural education in China
1. Strengthening the comprehensive reform of rural education, strengthening the integration of the "three educational systems" and the "agricultural science and education" must rely on the government's attention, especially the county and township governments, to coordinate and lead.
2. The comprehensive reform of rural education in China should launch a new round of experiments, roll up the development of new experimental areas, and develop evaluation criteria.
3. The comprehensive reform of rural education cannot be uniform. All regions and schools must explore the methods and approaches for comprehensive reform of rural education in the region by combining the industrial characteristics of the region with the characteristics of the school.
4. Strengthen the penetration of vocational courses from the middle of the country; implement diversion education for students who do not wish to go to school or pursue further studies, and cultivate their skills.
5. Under the overall coordination of county and township governments, the science and technology training work of rural adult cultural and technical schools and the scientific and technological training of farmers and herdsmen are all managed and undertaken by rural middle schools.
6. Further strengthen the construction of the base and play the role of experiment, demonstration and promotion.
7. Strengthen the construction of teaching materials and the construction of local local textbooks. Regardless of the form of the comprehensive reform of rural education, there must be a local textbook that combines the characteristics of the regional industry.
8. Focus on promoting the experience of Bayu Middle School.
Vocational education work
1. Increase the intensity of enrollment work. In order to enroll students in vocational schools, the government must formulate corresponding stimulating policies to take various measures to increase the intensity of enrollment work.
2. Strengthen the guidance for the employment of secondary vocational school graduates, and include the employment of graduates in the evaluation of vocational school work. Vocational schools must increase employment guidance and graduate employment work, must be led by a special leader, special personnel to grasp, perennial grasp, follow-up. Don't rely solely on intermediaries for employment, schools must have direct involvement.
3. Schools should strengthen a wide range of joint education and implement “order” education.
4. Secondary vocational schools must pay attention to practicing internal strength, improve the quality of education and teaching, and enhance the market competitiveness of products. Adjust the curriculum structure, strengthen the teaching of professional theories and professional skills, improve the quality of education and teaching, and enhance the employment competitiveness of graduates.
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