Graduation thesis language

First, the meaning and role of language

Language is a kind of conformity system used by human society as a tool of thinking and communication tools. It is the material and tools used by the author to express thoughts and feelings. Therefore, language as one of the constituent factors in the form of graduation thesis is the only tool on which graduation thesis relies on exploring or solving a fundamental problem in the subject. As Marx said: "Language is the direct reality of thought." Although graduation thesis writing needs to have the ability to select topics, materials, ideas, techniques, etc., all of this must be reflected only through language. . The level of language expression directly affects the expressiveness and appeal of the paper. Only by understanding the characteristics of the language and having a rich language reserve can you write a thesis. The expression of language is directly related to the quality of the paper. Therefore, having a good language is also an important part of writing a thesis.

Second, the basic requirements of language expression

Although the various styles have different styles and different characteristics, the basic requirements for language expression are common. This is accurate, concise and vivid. The language expression of the graduation thesis also requires simplicity, clarity, image, vividness, pb, and science.

Language should be accurate and scientific

Writing a thesis first requires an accurate language. Accuracy is to meet the objective actual situation and make no mistakes. "Accurate" is a general requirement for language to be scientific and logical, and to accurately express the content and thoughts of the paper. The words and sentences used in the thesis must reflect the original appearance of the things properly, and can express the author's intentions and thoughts and feelings truthfully and anvil. Therefore, in order to make the language accurate, the following aspects must be achieved;

1. The use of words to be accurate, correct, and factual.

The word is the building material of the language. The quality of the language of the thesis is very much related to the accuracy of the word selection. The word is accurate, and the meaning expressed by the language can be accurate.

There are two main ways to use words accurately:

First, we must pay attention to distinguishing the meaning of words, we must carefully distinguish the nuances of meaning and usage of synonyms and synonyms.

In the process of writing a thesis, we must carefully consider each word and use the most appropriate words on the basis of repeated selection. There are many synonyms and synonyms in Chinese. Some synonyms have a rough meaning, but the meaning is not much different. However, if you analyze it carefully, you will find that the meaning is completely different. E.g:

The three words “capability”, “talent” and “talent” have similar meanings, but they have nuances. They all indicate that they have higher abilities, but the focus is different; “capabilities” emphasizes the ability to do things, and “talent” focuses on Refers to the talents and abilities expressed outside, "talent" is not only used for important practical activities, but also for thinking activities.

Second, we must pay attention to distinguishing the emotional color of words, paying attention to the sense of "measurement" in word selection and wording.

In the Chinese vocabulary, in addition to a large part of the "neutral words", there are some words that can express vivid and subtle emotions through their specific meanings. For example: "He is finally dead, at the age of twelve", "the year of the year" is a respectful word, usually used for the elders of the younger generation, the term used here to read makes people feel awkward. Adults - writing children should not use this word.

To distinguish the emotional color of a word, we must first distinguish the color of the word. For example: "firm" and "stubborn" are derogatory words, "stubborn" and "stubborn" are derogatory words. Second, we must distinguish the importance of semantics. For example, the meanings of the words "blame", "blame", "blame", and "reprimand" are more important than one. When using it, we must pay attention to distinguish.

Of course, Chinese vocabulary is extremely rich. It is a very difficult labor to select unique and perfect words from this vast vocabulary to accurately describe narratives, words, expressions, and intentions. In the process of writing a thesis, we must not easily drop the pen before we understand the meaning of the word, and strive to do every word to ensure that we can express our thoughts aptly and accurately reproduce the original appearance of things.

2. Sentences must conform to grammatical rules.

The most basic language of the thesis is the problem of setting words and sentences. If the sentence can be written from the word, then the language of the paper will reach the minimum requirement. Whether the structure of the sentence is correct or not depends on whether the affair is right or wrong, the grammatical rules are not met, the improper use of words, the inappropriate word order, the incompleteness of the sentence components, and the illogical language are ambiguous. So pay attention when making sentences:

First, the sentence component should be complete.

The most basic components that make up a sentence are the subject, the predicate, and the object. In more complex sentences, there are also associated elements and additional components such as objects, complements and adverbials. In general, the sentence component, especially the main part, cannot be arbitrarily saved. If the ingredients that should not be omitted are omitted, the sentence will be incomplete and the meaning cannot be expressed clearly. For example: "I use my authority to build a courtyard house for myself, all of which are stuck from education and health expenses." The subject "money" is omitted here. "Everyone seriously discussed this year's work and study", there is no object "plan". Therefore, the sentence must be made to complete the basic components, and the additional components are organized.

Second, the words should be properly matched, and the word order should be organized.

In sentences, the matching of words and words and the arrangement of word order are conditional, otherwise they will make mistakes in mismatching and grammatical rules. For example: "His attitude towards learning has always been a serious effort. It can be said that it is a model for us to learn. "Learning attitude" and "effort" are not properly matched, and should be changed to "practical." "Learning attitude" is a "model of learning" and mismatch of.

Third, the matter must conform to the rules.

Some sentences, from the grammatical point of view, the ingredients are not lacking, the combination is also, but still not accurate. The reason is that the reflected things are illogical and not in accordance with the rules of thinking. For example: "Xiao Chen's father looks very much like Xiao Chen." This is the reverse of the subject and the guest, illogical. Another example: "In the early days of the Second World War, the economies of all capitalist countries were on the verge of collapse, and the United States had achieved tremendous development due to the war-torn windfall." This sentence is obviously unreasonable. Since "all capitalist countries are on the verge of economic collapse", why do they say that the United States, as a capitalist country, has achieved tremendous development?

Relevant words should be fastened, and the thesis is a dissertation with many related words. For example, because... so 3 is either... or...; not only... and, and so on. The use of related words can make the article rigorous, compact, accurate and powerful.

The language should be simple and clear.

Simple is to make a clean and clean sentence. The term "extraordinary" is to express the richest content in the most concise language, so that "the text is about the matter, the words are simple and the meaning is simple." If the language is simple, it must be done:

1. Clear thinking and profound understanding of the nature of things.

Some graduation thesis languages ​​are not refined, often because the author does not understand the content deeply, and it is not entirely a technical problem. Therefore, in order to improve the succinctness of language, we must first exercise our thoughts, cultivate our own cognitive abilities, be good at analysis, and grasp the crux of the problem. In this way, the written words can be concisely concise. In the article "Shi Tong Narrative" in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zhiji said that "the author's words are simple, and they are all important, so they can be spared, and they are innocent. For example, if you use a strange soldier, you can hold one hundred. The merits of the entire enemy are also." Therefore, in accordance with the principle of conciseness, when we write a thesis, we must come to the forefront, and at the beginning of the paper, we will clearly present our own views, without having to turn around and telling a lot of nonsense. The end of the paper should also be appropriate and decisive.

2. Extract the most quintessential words.

The art of writing is the art of refining. If you want to make the language concise, the most important thing is to save words as much as possible. If you use less words and you want to improve your meaning, you must pay attention to choosing the most quintessential words that you have tried to do. This refining work can generally start from the following aspects:

First, save words. If you can say less than one sentence, you can say less. You can use one less word and use one less. The same content can be expressed with very few words, not only saving words, making the language more concise, but also making the article avoid tiling and artistic charm. For example, "the price of commodities in capitalist countries has risen very rapidly," and it can be summed up by "price soaring."

Second, it is simple to delete the complex. Remove all unnecessary parts that are not relevant to the subject, especially those that are unnecessary. For example, "Every time I read "Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping", I always have to write my own thoughts and feelings." I can use "Every time I read "Deng Xiaoping's Selected Works", I always have to write my experience" instead. For another example, "a socialist country must maintain price stability, not freely raise prices, nor increase prices." Here, "arbitrarily raising prices" and "increasing price increases" are the same meaning. The result is repeated after the same meaning. Two times. In addition, in order to achieve a concise language, the paper does not have to be over-extended in facts or events that are already well known. For example, when we discuss the topic “Only in accordance with economic laws, our economy can develop”, we often have to discuss it from both positive and negative aspects. However, because we are going to discuss "acting in accordance with economic laws, our economy can develop." Therefore, we should focus on the analysis of the early and mid-50s, paying attention to the law of economics, and the economy has developed steadily. Attention to the economic law, the economy has been quickly restored and developed. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee, we have adopted a series of policies and measures that are in line with the actual situation, and the economy has begun to recover and develop healthily. As for the "Great Leap Forward" and "Cultural Revolution", because they do not act according to objective laws, or even violate objective laws, economic construction can be severely frustrated and can be written without much introduction. Only in this way can we achieve a clear-cut view, profound analysis, and close the theme, avoiding the expense.

In short, we emphasize here that language should be refined, based on whether the idea can be clearly expressed. The length of the graduation thesis is long, and the short is short. Starting from reality, on the basis of accurately, comprehensively and profoundly expressing your own views and opinions, we strive to achieve language conciseness.

The language should be vivid

Under the premise of having a correct and clear viewpoint, accurate and concise language, the graduation thesis must strive to make the language vivid and make people read without boring. "Our best thoughts and deepest feelings can only be expressed in the most beautiful language. If you can't express it, who can know how good that thought and feeling are?" It can be seen that the papers should be written well, and the optical language is accurate and concise, but it is also vivid and moving.

So, how can we make the graduation thesis vivid?

1. To use a visual language.

One of the characteristics of academic papers is the abstractness of language. But any abstract concept comes from concrete facts. If we can properly combine the generalization of theory with the description of the image when writing, it will help to reveal the essence of things profoundly and make the theory easy to understand and accept. For example, when Comrade Mao Zedong wrote the crime of "party eight shares", he used the "A, B, B, D, and Chinese medicine shops" to summarize the image; the necessity of writing the unity of the party and the mutual help among the comrades, "the lotus is good, but also "Green leaf support" and other vivid language to illustrate, the profound truth is easy to understand, lively and lively.

2. Use words to be new.

When we use words, we should seek new ideas and strive to make the language fresh and vivid. If people are clouded, picking up people's wisdom, always in the old cover, the language will not be vivid. It is necessary to constantly discover and discover new meanings and new usages in words, that is, to constantly discover new ideas of things, and to give these things the most accurate, appropriate and fresh expression. For example, the famous writer Wang Meng wrote "facts"; "The fact is that the universe, like the earth, Huashan, the Yellow River, water, earth, hydrogen, oxygen, titanium, uranium, is neither as gentle as imagined nor as imagined. Cold." This series of parables is much more interesting than the "iron facts are indisputable" sentence.

3. Use a variety of languages.

The selection of words and sentences in graduation thesis must be appropriately changed, and should not be used repeatedly. This is also an important condition for vivid language. If you can use the narrative, argument, questioning, metaphor, example, explanation, etc. according to the needs of the theme, you can use it in a wrong way. In this way, the article will appear to change a lot, and it will be interesting to read. For example: Mao Zedong's "Questioning the Kuomintang" article, the language is lively and changeable, vivid and intriguing, worthy of our study. "If you don't have anything to deal with Japan's long-lasting 'muddy medicine', 'fixing body', and have no tacit agreement with the Japanese, let us officially tell you: you should not play the border area, you can not play the border area. , '鹬蚌相持,渔人得利', '螳螂捕螳螂, 雀雀在后', these two stories are justified. You should join us to unify the Japanese occupation and smash the devils Going out is serious, why bother to come to 'unify' this big palm area? Great rivers and mountains, squatting against the enemy, you are not in a hurry, you are not busy, but eager to attack the border area, busy with the defeat of the Communist Party, can be painful Yefu, shameful husband!” The use of changeable language here is not only harmonious, but also vocal, and the combination of elegance and vulgarity, rich in content, and interesting and interesting articles.

4. To re-word.

One of the main purposes of rhetoric is to make the article lively and lively. In the text, there is always a sentence pattern, lack of change, and it is inevitable that the language will be mediocre. You should learn to use a variety of rhetorical devices according to the genre of the article genre and the need to express the theme, so that the expression of the sentence is rich and colorful, and the vividness of the language is increased. There are many ways to make sentence patterns rich in rhetoric and other forms, such as layering, repeating, contrasting, lingering, stacking, flipping, and so on. In addition, in the paper, if you can mix the tone of the language, the length of the sentence, and the tone of the tone, and use it in a proper way, you can create a sense of rhythm, read it, catch it, and have a clear rhythm. To exert a strong expressive power of language in form. And if we use some sort of ratio, duality, etc. to make the statement lengthy and moderate, the language is roughly proportional, and the language adds another beauty to the harmony of the syllable.