Investigation Report on Rural Land Circulation and Farmers' Income Increase in Dazu County

Investigation Report on Rural Land Circulation and Farmers' Income Increase in Dazu County

The current focus of rural work is to solve the "three rural" problem, the core of which is the problem of increasing farmers' income. The solution to the problem of increasing farmers’ income is directly related to the development of the entire national economy and social stability. The agricultural population of our county accounts for 86.33% of the total population of the county. It is also a county dominated by agriculture. In recent years, the agricultural industry has been encouraged and developed through the implementation of the guidelines and policies of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, cities and counties on strengthening agricultural and rural work. In order to optimize agriculture and the rural economic structure, agriculture and the rural economy have made considerable progress. However, in terms of rural land circulation and peasant income increase, problems such as difficulty in land circulation, small increase in peasant income, and difficulty in increasing income have arisen. The per capita net income of farmers has grown at an average annual rate of about 5%, which seriously restricts the overall development of the county's economy. To this end, in accordance with the arrangements of the county party committee and the county government, the county people's congress organized two research groups, and conducted a comprehensive and meticulous investigation of the rural land circulation and the increase of farmers' income in our county through a combination of symposium and field visits. The results of the survey are now reported as follows:
I. The current situation of rural land circulation and peasant income increase in our county
1. What is the basic situation of land transfer?
There are 24 townships, 50 community committees and 2,063 villager groups in our county. The agricultural land is 670,000 mu, and the per capita agricultural land area is 0.84 mu. After several years of bold trials, the land circulation is larger and the form is more diversified. At present, the area of ​​land transfer in the county is 40,700 mu, accounting for 6.07% of the total area of ​​agricultural land. The land transfer method is mainly subcontracted and leased, supplemented by transfer, swap and land share. The subcontracting area is 32,000 mu, accounting for 78.6% of the circulation area; the rental area is 0.41 million mu, accounting for 10% of the circulation area; the transfer area is 2000 mu, and the exchange is 2600 mu. The three forms of land share, transfer and exchange account for the transfer area. 11.4%. The spontaneous transfer of farmers and the circulation of village organizations are the main methods of land transfer in our county. There are five main directions for land circulation: one is to flow to the farmer; the other is to the professional contractor; the third is to the agricultural enterprise; the fourth is to the general farmers; the fifth is to other units.
2. What are the characteristics of land transfer?
Adhere to the principle of voluntary, consultation and compensation for farmers. Among the 10,000 mu of farmland transferred by the county, 98% of the farmers voluntarily transferred.
Land transfer income is a supplement to the income of farmers' families. Farmers who spontaneously transfer land are generally engaged in secondary or tertiary industries or concurrently. Household income is mainly secondary and tertiary industries and property income, and land transfer income is supplemented by household income.
The land transferred by the collective organization of the village community has basically formed a large-scale and intensive operation, and the land income is relatively high.
The period of spontaneous transfer of farmers is short.
The current situation of increasing farmers' income The county has 218,200 rural households, an agricultural population of 798,600, and a rural labor force of 419,200. In 2003, the county adhered to the goal of increasing farmers' income, focusing on the adjustment of agricultural structure, and vigorously adjusting the structure of agricultural industry, so that the comprehensive benefits of agriculture were steadily improved. The per capita net income of farmers was 2,747 yuan, an increase of 5.1% over the previous year.
1. Farmers going out to work are an important part of the peasant's income. Farmers in the streetfront areas such as Longshui Town, where the economy is active, rely mainly on handicrafts to work in cities to increase household income. In the remote mountainous areas, farmers mainly rely on going out to work, such as Gaoping Yunding Village 12, there are 80% of migrant workers. Nearly 50% of the farmers in Zhongli Township are working outside.
2. The state policy supports farmers to increase their income, promote tax and fee reform, reduce the burden on farmers, and the policy of returning farmland to forests has created conditions for farmers to increase their income.
3. Adjustment of industrial structure and introduction of enterprises are also important ways for farmers to increase their income. Ownership management has driven farmers to increase their income. The peasants transfer the land and can get compensation for 700-800 kg of rice per mu without investing a penny, such as Longgang Star Village and Zhongyu Mingyue Village.
Second, the problems in the land transfer and the increase in farmers' income and the problems that hinder the existing problems
1. The land transfer procedure is not standardized, and the phenomenon of disorderly circulation is serious. Most of the rural households are spontaneously transferred by farmers, and there are many verbal agreements. There is no specific contractual basis. In the long run, it is easy to cause land disputes. Many companies, large-scale owners, etc., which are introduced through government coordination, do not have standard contract texts, and the liability for breach of contract is not very specific and clear.
2. The task of building a rural road is heavy.
There is no capital for the construction of rural roads in towns and villages, and it is not strictly funded according to the one-on-one discussion system. Not only has it affected farmers' income, but it has also increased the burden on farmers. Zhongtang Road in Zhongmu Town is a provincial road. The roads of 3 million yuan are all passed on to the people. The surrounding roads in Wugui Town of Yinan County need to invest more than 14 million yuan. There is no need for farmers to pay a penny. Many ordinary people in the town complained that they were nervous about the relationship between the cadres and the masses and affected the collection of agricultural taxes.
3. The agricultural output value and the added value are low. The phenomenon of abandoned land is serious. Although the food and clothing of the peasants have been solved, the income increase is not large, and the income difference is very large. The average annual income of the surveyed households is up to 3566 yuan, and the minimum per capita annual income is less than 20 yuan. Because of the large investment in agriculture, long cycle and low income, farmers' enthusiasm for farming is not high. This has led to an increase in the number of migrant workers, leaving behind the old, weak and sick, and the fields are uncultivated, especially in remote mountainous areas. There are 273 people in the Wufu Village of Zhongfu, nearly 100 people working outside, and Yuetai Village in Gaoping, with one-third of the ridiculous land.
4. The land transfer does not reach the expected effect. Some farmers have low quality, small farmers have strong sense of self-interest, and narrow selfishness has great resistance to scale operation. They are not willing to sublet to the owners and they are not actively operating, which makes many towns and towns unable to Introducing companies.
Obstacles in increasing farmers' income
1. Rural technology lacks rural cultural service system is weak, information is not working, and transportation is inconvenient. In addition, farmers have low skills and lack of technology, and their ability to accept science and technology is weak and dependent. Even if you go out to work, you only have to rely on hard work and labor. Not only is it labor-intensive, but it does not reach the expected income.
2. The rural infrastructure lags behind the rural infrastructure, and there are more water irrigation and electric irrigation facilities.
Third, it is suggested that land transfer is an important way to solve agricultural efficiency, increase farmers' income, and stabilize rural areas. “Land is not invigorated, farmers are difficult to get rich.” Land transfer is a long-term process. The key is how we guide farmers to flow land to large professional households. Agricultural enterprises make the land form a contiguous planting and large-scale operation. In order to make better use of limited land resources, to exert greater economic benefits, and to increase farmers' income, the following are recommended:
1. Standardize and guide the circulation of land contractual management rights and promote the process of urbanization.
Strengthen the construction of rural grassroots organizations, promote the enterprise management of agriculture, and concentrate the land to the breeding aquaculture experts. The orchards, ponds, reservoirs and four wasteland will be concentrated to professional households to realize the scale operation of the land and guide the farmers to increase their income.
2. Strengthening farmers' knowledge training, raising farmers' peasant peasants' realism is serious, and their ability to resist market risks is poor. This is mainly because farmers' cultures are poor and the level of agricultural science and technology is low. It is recommended that relevant departments strengthen training on rural technology and strengthen the construction of agricultural technology service promotion system. Engage in some short-term and fast-track projects that are in line with reality, expand the entrepreneurial space for farmers, and transform the rural areas from habitual and traditional production to professional and technical.
3. Increase agricultural input and improve rural infrastructure and farmers' production and living conditions. The government should increase investment in rural roads, telecommunications, schools, medical care, energy and other infrastructure, with emphasis on rural areas with special needs. Do not help and help.
4. Reduce the burden on farmers, increase farmers' income and reduce agricultural taxes, increase transfer payments to rural areas, and reduce farmers' investment in various public welfare undertakings.
5. Scientifically and rationally organize the transfer of rural surplus labor to establish a sound service network organization and build an interactive service network. We will increase the training of rural surplus labor, broaden the ways for farmers to go out to work, and reduce the school fees for peasant children to enter the county. Farmers who go out to work and return to their hometowns to enjoy entrepreneurship enjoy the same preferential policies as foreign-invested enterprises.
6. Increasing the degree of peasant organization is a key link for farmers to increase their income.
We will continue to develop various forms of rural professional cooperative economic organizations based on a two-tier management system based on household contract management and comprehensively integrate and overcome the contradiction between small production and large markets. Encourage and support large domestic and foreign investors and farmers to vigorously set up leading cooperative enterprises, wholesale markets, science and technology demonstration parks, development professional associations, transportation teams, rural brokers, service entities and other rural cooperative economic organizations and market intermediaries. Various forms such as shareholding cooperation, contractual contracts, and market intermediaries link farmers and markets, combine agricultural production with the promotion of science and technology, and give preferential policies to rural professional cooperative economic organizations.
March 11, 2004