Village-level organization effective operation research report

Research report on the effective operation of village-level organizations

After the tax and fee reform, the village level did not have the original charging rights and projects, not only did not have income channels, but also carried heavy debt burdens to varying degrees, and raised new issues for village-level operation.

After the group of Wudunhaihai Town and the village, 12 village committees were retained. At present, each village has debt burdens ranging from 100,000 yuan to 700,000 yuan, and the village-level debts are more than 3 million yuan. There are several reasons for this:

First, investment in infrastructure investment has caused funds to settle. In the mid-1980s, many places adopted administrative orders, requiring villages to set up enterprises to engage in development and construction of bases. Due to the actual blind investment and poor management, the company suffered losses and began to owe a large debt.

The second is to surpass economic strength and raise debts. The “Pujiu” standard, road repairing, planning and childbirth, etc., require the village-level collective to pay for the goods, while the village-level financial resources are limited, only debts to complete the task. In particular, the strong pressure of the “Pujiu” acceptance forced the village to borrow heavily from the society, making the village-level debt worse.

The third is to pay taxes and fees, and the loan is completed. The peasants are overburdened, the tax arrears are increasing year by year, the taxes and fees are levied too early and too fast, and the proportion of summer levies is too high. In order to complete the tax and fee tasks and the operation of the Baocun group, the village cadres directly pay high interest rates. This is the main reason for the expansion of village-level debt in recent years.

The fourth is high interest debt to pay off debts, causing debt to swell. Almost all villages use high interest rates to borrow debts to raise interest rates. About 60% of the village-level debts are interest-bearing loans. The annual interest rate of high-interest loans is generally around 20%, and some of them are as high as 30% or more. The interest rate is transferred to the capital, which makes the debts expand.

Fifth, the village group received farmers' losses due to the tax deduction. Due to the uncertainty and instability of the prices of the goods, some farmers have turned in the goods in kind, resulting in a book value higher than the actual price, resulting in debt.

Sixth is the waste caused by the original system. In the past, village-level expenditures lacked the proper supervision and control mechanism, and village-level expenditures were highly random. As a result, village-level expenditures were not energy-efficient, and overdrafts were serious, making village-level debts added year after year.

Under realistic conditions, the resolution of village-level debts is somewhat difficult.

First, the total amount of debt remains high. In the past few years, village-level debt has basically stabilized at the original level. Although some debts have been repaid, they have been offset by interest.

Second, there are fewer and fewer ways to reduce debt. With the development of the situation, the effectiveness of previous debt measures and measures has decreased. For example, if the assets are repaid, many local collective asset assets can be sold, rented, leased, auctioned, and leased. After the reform of taxes and fees, the right to control the mobile land and forest land must be voted on by the people, and there is limited space for repaying debts by revitalizing asset resources.

Third, there is a lack of funding for the debt. First of all, the collective economy is difficult to develop and its repayment ability is poor. Most villages lack economic growth factors, and some do not make ends meet. They still need to rely on borrowing to maintain. In the same year, the income of the village was not able to make ends meet, there was no income, and it was completely dependent on borrowing to maintain operations. Second, after the rural tax and fee reform, the village-level expenditure gap increased. The available funds in the general village are only 2-4 million yuan, and all incomes are difficult to operate, and there is no money to make bonds.

Fourth, the debt is hard and the creditor's rights are soft. At present, the village-level debt can be basically resolved, and the rest is mostly "hard bones", the more difficult it is to resolve later. About 80% of the village-level credits are owed by the farmers, some of the arrears have been removed, some have died, some lack the ability to repay, and some of the claims may become dead.

Fifth, there are many high-interest loans and heavy interest. The source of village-level debt is mainly banks, quotas, and personal loans. These debts must pay interest, especially private loans, which are mostly high interest rates. Even without adding new debt, high interest rates keep the total debt growing.

At present, the channels for solving village-level operation difficulties are relatively narrow, and the following methods can be gradually tried:

First, we must adjust the fiscal revenue and expenditure system, increase the transfer payments to the village level, and make the financial resources move down, and the gap will move up.

Second, we must increase the construction of rural public goods and rapidly improve the conditions of rural education, medical and health care, public roads, water conservancy facilities, and electricity use.

Third, we must strengthen financial support for the rural areas, and give a certain amount each year, according to the program to reduce the dead and dead accounts of financial units in the village-level closed enterprises.

Fourth, we must reform the rural land use and expropriation policies so that the land truly becomes a source of wealth for farmers, not a source of burden.

Fifth, we must reform the township management system to transform its functions and strengthen services.

Sixth, we must reduce the number of village-level staff and control expenditures to the maximum extent.

May 20, 2005