Investigation Report on Land Transfer of Banqiao Town in Yongchuan City to Promote New Rural Construction

Investigation Report on Land Transfer of Banqiao Town in Yongchuan City to Promote New Rural Construction

In accordance with the requirements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council for building a new socialist countryside, building rich industries, promoting agricultural industrialization, and accelerating the pace of rural labor transfer are key to rural production development. Recently, how to speed up the transfer of rural land has attracted extensive attention from relevant departments at the municipal level. In order to effectively understand the relationship between rural land circulation and the acceleration of rural production development, the investigation team of the new rural construction land transfer work in Banqiao Town, Yongchuan City from April 5, 2006 From April to April 18, an in-depth investigation was conducted on the current situation of land transfer in the whole town. The report is summarized as follows:
I. The overall situation of land transfer According to incomplete statistics, from the second round of land contracting in 1998 to the end of March this year, the number of villages involved in rural land transfer in the town was 12, accounting for 100% of the total number of villages, involving 3003 households, accounting for 26% of the total farmers, 2843 households with land outflows, accounting for 24.6% of the total farmers, 160 households with land inflows, accounting for 1.4% of the total farmers, and land transfer area of ​​3,794 acres, accounting for 12% of the contracted land area.
Second, the main forms of circulation of several modes of land transfer are subcontracting, transfer and shareholding. Among the total agricultural land transfer area, the proportion of subcontracting and transfer is the largest, and the proportion of the two is 55.2%, and the area of ​​the shareholding land accounts for 44.8% of the total area.
1, dry pay the grain type. First, the construction of fish and duck projects, the owners subcontracted rice fields, paying 600-800 kilograms of rice/mu per year to pay the cashiers or paying cash according to the average price of the rice market in the same year; second, the owners contracted the cultivation of artemisia leaves in the gap between returning farmland and forestland, 50 per year. Yuan/mu pays rent.
2. Share dividends. Farmers invest in returning farmland to forests, and the owners invest in seedlings, management and other funds, and the proceeds are distributed in proportion.
III. Characteristics of land transfer With the abolition of agricultural taxes, the new round of agricultural land transfer presents the following new features: First, the transition from unpaid flows to paid flows. In the past, the grain fields contracted by large grain growers were mostly free of charge. Individuals who had to transfer their own households were responsible for paying agricultural taxes. With the abolition of agricultural taxes and the development of beneficial agriculture, land contract fees have risen, and the annual contracting fees per mu of paddy fields have been high. Nearly 600 yuan. Second, the land transfer has expanded in an all-round way. Whether it is the development of the agricultural industry or the large number of rural laborers going out to work and do business, the pace of land transfer has obviously accelerated. The third is to shift from the spontaneous flow of farmers to the organization and orderly development. Through the unremitting efforts of the town's rural land contract management committee for several years, we have done a good job in service and forensics, and promoted land transfer. Fourth, the business content after the transfer of agricultural land has shifted from grain-growing to the development of high-efficiency breeding. Fifth, the town party committee and government attached great importance to land transfer and formulated preferential policies for accelerating land transfer and developing beneficial agriculture, exempting the cost of land contractual contract verification.
Fourth, the effect of rural land transfer
1. Overcoming the limitations of small-scale family management is conducive to the full use of land.
Under the circumstances that the family business has remained unchanged for a long time, it will overcome the limitations of the current small-scale operation of farmers and take the road of specialization, scale, commodification and modernization. Through the land transfer, sporadic land use rights will be concentrated from thousands of households, and the land will be re-arranged according to the efficiency principle, and moderate scale operation will be carried out to promote the rational flow and best of agricultural production factors such as land, capital, technology and labor. The combination of labor is conducive to the division of labor and specialization among farmers, and the agricultural production is gradually embarked on the development path of “specialized division of labor, large-scale production, industrialized operation, and enterprise management” to realize the full use of land resources.
2. Promote the adjustment of agricultural structure and the increase of land transfer by farmers, accelerate the adjustment and optimization of the agricultural structure, and promote the construction and development of the agricultural characteristic economy of the town.
One is the fish and duck engineering base based on the villages such as Liangfengyu. A total of 1,294 mu of land has been transferred through subcontracting and reversing of farmers. Now the whole town has formed a pond culture area of ​​5,500 mu. The annual output of commercial ducks is 4 million and the production of fish is 1,700 tons. The total income of fish and ducks is 77 million yuan. The income reached 11 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 275 yuan. For example, Liangfengyu Village has transferred 284 mu of farmer's land, and has established a three-dimensional aquaculture area of ​​800 mu of fish and duck. Among them, 59 households and 73 mu of land are transferred from Jianshan 9 Society, so that the land is continuously concentrated to large households, and a concentrated culture area of ​​150 fish and ducks is formed. At the same time, there are 3 households who have contracted 13 mu of land to the neighboring village community to develop three-dimensional breeding of fish and ducks. Now there are more than 20 large-scale breeding households, making the club a core demonstration area for the three-dimensional breeding of fish and ducks in the whole town. The adjustment of agricultural structure and the development of benefit agriculture have greatly increased the income of farmers: on the one hand, the contracted income of land outflow farmers has increased significantly. According to the survey and analysis, the net rice paddy field generally produces 500 kg per mu, and the reclaimed rice yields 100 kg per mu. About 600 yuan, the production cost of mu is 250 yuan, and the net income is about 350 yuan. The land transferred between farmers is 650-800 kg/mu of rice, and the net income of mu is more than 450 yuan. On the other hand, the land inflows of farmers have also increased their income through scale operations, such as Xu Kaihong of Liangshan Village, Liangfeng Village. In 2005, there were 12 acres of fish and duck three-dimensional farming area, with an annual output of 4.5 tons of adult fish and 30,000 ducks. Only, the total income of fish and duck is 470,000 yuan, except for the contracting cost of 3,400 yuan, and then other production costs are removed. The annual net profit is 70,000 yuan. The whole family has 3 people, and the net income of people is 23,000 yuan. Another example is Hou Yungang of the Bridge 6 Society. At the end of 2005, he contracted 15.6 mu of 24 rice fields in Wangjiayan Village Caiyuan 4 to develop fish and duck breeding. It is expected that 4 tons of fish will be produced this year, and 10,000 ducks will be sold, with a net profit of 20,000 yuan. the above.
The second is the forestry characteristic economy. In combination with the policy of returning farmland to forests, in order to strengthen the management of forest land and give full play to the benefits of forest land, the town actively introduced the owners and transferred 2,500 mu of forest land: First, more than 700 mu of forest land was transferred in Liuxi Village, and the development of pepper cultivation has been basically effective. The second is to transfer more than 1,000 mu of forest land in Daping, Liuxi and Gufo Villages, and develop fast-growing alfalfa planting, which is now being planted. The third is to transfer 800 acres of forest land in Wangjiayan Village to develop artemisia cultivation. It is expected to be effective this year. Through the transfer of forest land, the farmers who return farmland do not need to invest in seedlings, fertilizers and management and maintenance fees, and they can get 245 yuan/mu of national grain subsidy and management and maintenance fees every year. At the same time, it can obtain income for the owner to work, and after the product is harvested, it will receive dividends ranging from 5:5 to 2.5:7.5, which will increase farmers' income.
3. It is conducive to the establishment of a rural land transfer mechanism for the transfer of rural labor to the secondary and tertiary industries, and has changed the part-time status of some farmers, including “workers, farmers, farmers, and farmers”, lifting the shackles of land to these farmers and promoting rural areas. The transfer of labor to non-agricultural industries and the gathering of cities and towns have promoted the process of urbanization and rural modernization. The town has more than 12,000 laborers turning to the secondary and tertiary industries, accounting for more than 52% of the total labor force. In 2005, the per capita income reached 3,760 yuan. The Liangshan Village of Jianfeng Village has passed through the land transfer. There are 5 households in the 52 households who have settled in the town. They started their business and there are more than 10 outdoor workers. For example, the Dong Yongkui family of the company has set up a bamboo and wood processing factory. With a income of 40,000 yuan, young Chen Long worked abroad and earned an annual income of 20,000 yuan. Wangjiayan Village Vegetable Garden 4 has passed through the land transfer. There are 128 people from 230 people in the whole society who have gone out to work through commercial workers. For example, Houtiancai went out to work in the nearby “Fujiadong” coal mine, with an annual net income of more than 50,000 yuan. Wu Jianyi went to Shouyongchang. The town has a business income of 30,000 yuan per year.
V. Reflections on the future rural land transfer
1. Extensive publicity and full understanding of the relationship between land transfer and land security functions. Land is the main means of production for the majority of farmers in China, and provides basic social security for Chinese farmers. However, the social security function of the land will be weakened with the decline of the importance of land in the source of farmers' income or the increase of the per capita income of farmers. The ability of people to resist the risk of monetary income has also improved, so the social security function of the land has been Gradually weakened. On the other hand, the transfer of land by the land transfer does not damage the farmers' right to contract the land. When farmers choose land transfer, one of the most basic considerations is whether they can obtain more income through land transfer. Therefore, land transfer will not weaken the social security function of the land, but will increase the land’s income due to the increase of farmers’ income. Social security functions have been strengthened. Some farmers are worried that when they transfer the land out, they will go to the city to work and do business. When the economic conditions are good, they can be stabilized. Once the economic conditions are not good, they can only return to the countryside. At that time, they have no land and lost their living security. On the surface, this kind of understanding has some truth, but if we always adhere to the collective ownership of land and adhere to the family contract responsibility system, then this kind of worry is unnecessary. This is because: First, land transfer is the transfer of the right to use rather than the sale of land. There is always a certain period of circulation, which does not cause the farmers to permanently lose their land. Second, the income from land transfer is generally not paid in one lump sum. Farmers cannot withdraw future income in advance. Therefore, even if farmers return to rural areas, they have a certain source of income. Third, the income from land transfer is usually not permanently fixed. Generally, the rent is determined at the market price of the year, and the land rent is left to re-negotiate the agreed space and room for a certain period of time in the future. Land transfer income should be guaranteed.
2. Broaden channels and actively explore ways to accelerate rural land transfer. On the basis of summarizing the original transfer, transfer, exchange and other transfer methods, we will further expand channels and innovative mechanisms to promote rural land transfer and agricultural industrialization. First, actively carry out commissioning and subcontracting. The farmer entrusts the land management right to the village cooperative economic organization, and the village cooperative economic organization uniformly issues the package to the agricultural enterprise or the agricultural enterprise. The second is to implement shareholding cooperation. The village community collects the farmer's land contracting rights into shares, and the land is uniformly operated by the village community or issued to the agricultural enterprises and large-scale business operators. The village cooperative economic organizations distribute the land management income according to the shares at the end of the year.
3. Accelerate the pace of rural labor transfer and promote rural land transfer. Adopt a variety of labor transfer methods: First, extensive training on breeding and breeding techniques, promote the scale of the fish and duck industry, and promote the transfer of rural labor; second, strive to develop and expand private enterprises, and absorb more labor to work in enterprises; It is to vigorously develop the tertiary industry and promote urbanization; the fourth is to actively and orderly export labor to the outside of the town.
4. Strictly follow the “Measures for the Management of the Transfer of Rural Land Contracting Management Rights” and standardize the management of circulation contracts. Although the farmers' awareness of signing the land contractual transfer contract after the land transfer has increased, the contents of the signed procedures and the transfer contract are extremely irregular. Each village agency shall strengthen the supervision and management of the land transfer contract, improve the archives of land transfer and timely report it to the township contracting contract management department for review and filing.
5. In order to ensure greater development of the fish and duck industry, it is necessary to vigorously promote waterfowl drought, standardize industrial development, strengthen environmental construction, and prevent environmental pollution. The fish and duck industry will be scaled up and upgraded, and the rural land will be promoted to flow faster.
6. Smooth channels and effectively strengthen organizational leadership. Actively cultivate land transfer intermediary organizations, build land transfer platforms, and smooth circulation channels. In particular, we must give full play to the role of cadres in various villages, strengthen organizational leadership, and mobilize, organize, coordinate, and manage rural land transfer.