The Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture has adjusted the situation of low-temperature and rain-stricken disasters in high-altitude rice in our city this year.

Investigation report of Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Agriculture on the reduction of high-altitude rice in this city due to low temperature and rainy weather

This year, the weather in the city during the Spring Festival was abnormal. In the middle and late July and mid-August, there was a low-temperature and rainy weather, which lasted for 3-5 days or even longer, and the temperature in the mountainous areas was even greater. At low temperature, it is the rice panicle and heading and flowering period in the high mountainous area of ​​our city. The temperature is lower than the minimum temperature required for rice growth and development, resulting in a large reduction in rice production in the high mountain areas of the city. The higher the altitude, the more the yield is reduced, and some basically fail. The effects of low temperature and rainy weather are most serious in the eastern part of the city and in the Wuling Mountains.
In accordance with the requirements of the deputy mayor Chen Guangguo, the investigation team of the Grain and Oil Division and the Agricultural Technology Station of the Bureau conducted a field investigation on the low temperature and rainy weather of rice in the middle and high mountain areas of Wulong and other three counties from October 9 to 13. The investigation team inspected the rice disasters in Huanglong Township, Xiangkou Town of Wulong County, Jinshan Town and Delong Township of Nanchuan City, Huangshui Town and Shazhen Town of Shizhu County, and visited the actual situation of the affected farmers. After the disaster, the person in charge of the relevant departments at the county and county levels held a discussion. The relevant situation is now reported.
I. Disaster situation In the middle and late July of this year, there were two consecutive 3-5 days of continuous low-temperature and rainy weather in Wulong and Nanchuan during the rice booting period. The average daily temperature was below 20 °C, which was 2.1-5.7 °C lower than normal. The minimum temperature required for number division and young panicle differentiation seriously affects rice meiosis and young panicle differentiation, and the empty shell rate increases significantly, resulting in rice yield reduction of more than 600 meters above sea level. The higher the altitude, the lower the temperature, the higher the empty shell rate of rice. At the altitude of 850 meters above sea level, there has been no harvest; in the first half of August, there were 3-6 days of continuous low-temperature and rainy weather in Wulong, Nanchuan and Shizhu, respectively. The average daily temperature was 2.5-5.4 °C lower than that of normal years, lower than rice. The normal temperature required for heading and flowering causes the rice to be unable to be normally panicled and pollinated. After rice heading, the rice is mostly empty, causing the rice to be reduced at an altitude of 800 meters above sea level. The higher the altitude, the greater the yield reduction of rice production, and the above average is more than 1150 meters.
According to the actual situation of the three counties, the rice hull rate of 550-800 meters above sea level is 35-78.5%, which is 20-50% higher than the annual empty shell rate. The empty shell rate of rice at 800-1000 meters above sea level is 60-94. Between the %, the annual high is 50-85 percentage points, and the empty shell rate of rice above 1000 meters above sea level is as high as 90%, and some fields are basically rejected. There are 85 disaster-stricken towns and towns in the three counties. The affected area of ​​rice is 392,000 mu, the disaster area is 241,000 mu, the area of ​​harvest is 64,000 mu, the loss of grain output is 71.57 million jin, and the direct economic loss is 75.34 million yuan. We investigated some typical affected farmers. For example, Hailin Village, Huangpi Township, Wulong County, is 500-900 meters above sea level. The 6-acre paddy field of the farmer Gao Guoxian is 810 meters above sea level, and the seed setting rate is less than 10%. Last year, it received 3,500 kilograms of rice, and this year, 250 kilograms of rice was harvested; Jinshan Town, Nanchuan City The village is 690-1500 meters above sea level. The rice field of the farmer Zhang Fuqian is 900 meters above sea level and covers an area of ​​1.9 acres. Last year, it received 2,200 kilograms of rice. The fruiting rate of this year is less than 10%, and only 150 kilograms of rice is collected. Where the town is about 570 meters above sea level, the yield reduction of rice is less than 25%. At 1,200 meters above sea level in Delong Township, the distant view is a good harvest, but the rice seed setting rate in the field is less than 10%; the Liu Hanzhou sea in the Qinglan Village of Shazhu Town, Shizhu County is planting about 0.7 mu of hybrid rice for about 1000 meters, and the seed setting rate is only There are about 30%, and the yield per mu is only about 150 kg. Rice in the 1000-1200 m area, the seed setting rate is generally 5-35%, such as 3 groups in the bowl factory of Shazhen Town, 1200 meters above sea level, the group of farmers Tan Qifa, rice field 2.5 acres, the seed setting rate is only 35%. In the area above 1200 meters, most of them are basically unreceived.
Second, the grain production is severely reduced, and local food shortages due to the significant reduction in rice this year, and these areas are in the case of severe drought production severely reduced last year, and continuous disasters, according to the grassroots, there are quite a number of affected farmers Only 100-300 kg. According to preliminary statistics, there are 19,600 severely affected households in Wulong County, with a population of 39,500; the number of severely affected farmers in Nanchuan City is 29,000, with a total of 7.9 million; the severely affected farmers in Shizhu County have 26,000, 87,000. . In this year, the severely owed households in the three counties will have food shortages. It is expected that the number of grain farmers will increase by 35,000 this winter and the population will increase by about 110,000.
The city's paddy fields above 800 meters above sea level have about 1.1 million mu. It is estimated that this year's low-yield rice production will be around 400 million jin, affecting more than 300,000 households.
III. Major Disaster Relief Measures In the face of such serious natural disasters, the three county committees and county governments attached great importance to it, and timely convened the heads of county-level departments and township party committee secretary township leaders to seriously analyze the situation and study measures. First, the leadership of the county party committee and the county government all went to the disaster area to check the disaster situation in time, to appease the victims, and to carry out production self-help. The second is to organize the County Disaster Relief Office, the County Agricultural Bureau, and the County Civil Affairs Bureau to cooperate with the township government to explain the disaster situation to the victims. The fourth is to actively raise disaster relief funds and materials to the hardest hit areas.
At present, the three counties have taken remedial measures to make up for the disaster losses and strive to solve the stability of the victims. The first is to organize the supply of materials for Xiaochunchun production. Second, the County Agricultural Bureau will strengthen the research on the adaptability of seeds in the supply and marketing of rice seeds next year. The third is to mobilize a variety of vegetables for the people, strengthen technical training, and organize the surplus labor to go out to work. The fourth is to attach great importance to the living problems of the victims this winter and next spring, and to fill the gaps and supply the households to the affected farmers who have been seriously investigated and verified the lack of basic rations.
IV. It is suggested that since the three counties have suffered severe drought last year, the mountainous areas have suffered more losses. From June to August this year, Shizhu County suffered 9 disasters. Wulong County and Shizhu County are both state-level poverty-stricken counties and severely affected farmers. Quite a part of the poor households, it is recommended to solve 400,000 yuan for disaster relief funds in Wulong County, 500,000 yuan for disaster relief funds in Nanchuan City, 600,000 yuan for disaster relief funds in Shizhu County, and for the victims to purchase seed, agricultural film and fertilizer subsidies next year. To help the victims produce next year. Due to the limited storage of existing grain reserves caused by disasters, it is recommended that the three counties and cities be given a priority when the city arranges relief for the victims this winter and next spring. The financial department will appropriately increase the amount of relief in this year's agricultural tax reduction.
October 18, 2002