Rural migrant workers economic survey report
The strategic shift of rural surplus labor is a major trend in the development of modern agriculture, and it is a smooth way for farmers to increase their incomes and become rich and well-off. **The benefits of county-level ports, the characteristic agricultural climate is small, and the development of labor economy is also self-contained, which needs to be rationalized, explored and promoted. To this end, the research office of the county party committee and the comrades of the county agricultural committee and other departments conducted targeted research and formed a report.
I. Characteristics of the development of labor economy as an important national first-class port of the Yangtze River to Russia, ** County has jurisdiction over 6 towns and 102 villages, with an agricultural population of 101,000, of which 62,000 are rural laborers and 35,000 are surplus laborers; 733,000 mu, 7.26 mu per capita. In recent years, through domestic and overseas interactions, transfer, transfer, and absorption, the pace of rural labor transfer has accelerated. In 2004, a total of 33,800 people were transferred, accounting for 96.8% of the total surplus labor force, of which, the transfer of 24,600 people was overseas. Domestic large and medium-sized cities transferred 9,200 people, accounting for 73% and 27% of the total transfer respectively. The following trends and characteristics are specifically presented.
1. The transfer field is transformed from the inside to the outside. Give full play to the leading role of the leading ports in the port, expand foreign investment and cooperation, and expand the employment space for rural surplus labor. Vigorously explore the Russian market, and built 16 comprehensive wholesale markets with light industrial products, fruits and vegetables and grain in Russia's October district, Ussuriysk and Vladivostok. More than 1,700 rural laborers are engaged in overseas marketing, per capita. The annual income is more than 10,000 yuan. Actively promote cross-border investment. At present, border trade enterprises have established 52 entities of various types abroad, including 38 processing types, with an investment of 297 million yuan, involving light industrial products, wood processing and metal smelting, decoration and other fields, carrying rural areas. The workforce is nearly a thousand people. Expanding agricultural science and technology cooperation with Russia, the county government leased 1,300 hectares of land in Russia to build an agricultural technology cooperation base, and established 13 small and medium-sized farms in the Russian Far East. The annual export of more than 2,000 laborers in the county and abroad, the income of nearly 20 million yuan. In 2004, 4,300 laborers were transferred to Russia, South Korea, Japan and other places, accounting for 13% of the total number of transfers.
2. The transfer channel has changed from single to multiple. We will do a good job in strengthening the county economy and broaden the channels for transfer. Focusing on the import and export processing industry of the big port, the company has carried out the “rooting” project in depth, with an accumulated investment of 126 million yuan, the construction of import and export processing to Russia, the import of sawn timber and the Huayu Industrial Park in Fuyang, 37 enterprises have been carried, and 26 households have been completed and put into operation. A number of labor-intensive enterprises, such as Huahai Wood Industry, Ningcheng Fishery, and Shunfeng Songren Processing Plant, have been put into production one after another, and more than 1,700 farmers have been resettled. Accelerate the development of township enterprises, cultivate 45 households with an output value of over one million yuan and over 100 jobs, and resettle more than 2,400 rural laborers; Puyang Town has established 28 wood processing enterprises, 15 black fungus processing enterprises, and more than 1,000 rural laborers. people. Accelerate the development of the tertiary industry in rural areas, absorb surplus labor to small cities and towns, and work in cities and towns. **The town relies on the advantages of suburban areas. It has more than 4,000 farmers in the catering and transportation industries, accounting for more than 50% of the rural labor force; It has built the largest black fungus distribution center in the country, the wholesale market of Fuyang black fungus, which has driven more than 6,000 farmers to specialize in black fungus sales, transportation and other related industries. The development of the "energy" economy, more than 4,000 brokers in the county and abroad have left the land, engaged in agricultural products sales all year round or seasonally.
3. The transfer mode changes from output to absorption. Cultivate and expand characteristic agriculture, develop 240 million bags of bagged fungus, more than 7,000 ear-earned farmers, with an annual output of 10,000 tons; build fruit trees and vegetable production base of 185,000 mu, with an annual output of 170,000 tons of fresh products, which will become the national black fungus production and sales. A county and a large exporting fruit and vegetable distribution center along the border. The vigorous rise of labor-intensive industries such as black fungus, exporting fruits and vegetables, and special breeding has produced strong absorption for local and foreign farmers. According to incomplete statistics, the four leading agricultural industries in the year digested more than 20,000 rural surplus laborers by means of “not leaving the village” and absorbed more than 1,000 migrant workers from surrounding areas such as Muling and Linkou. 218 farmers in Qianxi Village of Puyang Town have developed 12 million bags of fungus in this year. In winter and spring, each household employs 4 nearby rural laborers. The annual labor cost of the village has reached more than 800,000 yuan. The construction of the Sino-Russian **-Poltavka Mutual Trade Zone, which is mainly based on processing, has completed the main project of the commodity trading center with a construction area of 220,000 square meters on the Chinese side. Only one building has absorbed more than 2,000 migrant workers from other places. . Going abroad to establish an absorption base, and building more than 300 labor points in Russia's Ussuriysk and October districts, with an area of 45,000 mu and more than 4,000 long-term employees, including more than 2,500 foreign migrant workers. The source is mostly Jilin. Shandong, Shandong Province and Qiqihar, Longjiang, Helen, Bayan, Lanxi, Suihua, Hulan and other farmers, per capita net income of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan; Jixin Industry and Trade Group and Wenzhou Daphne, Sheng Hongda footwear industry, investment 30 million Yuan built 11 shoe production lines in Ussurisk, Russia, and produced 40,000 pairs of leather shoes and travel shoes. Only 400 people from Wenzhou were employed, and their monthly income was above 2,000 yuan.
4. Transfer farmers from physical to functional and management. Focusing on improving the transfer of farmers' temperament, taking the county agricultural education center as the center, using the prefectural vocational education center, labor training center, agricultural technology promotion center, agricultural machinery driving school teachers and facilities, the village is ready to engage in non-agricultural industries and work in the city. High school graduates carried out labor preparation training, coordinated 26 enterprises in the county to sign more than 550 employment agreements with the towns, and held 53 professional training courses on black fungus cultivation, woodworking, electrician, civil engineering, Russian, etc., and trained personnel of 11,700. The number of people, accounting for 76% of the rural surplus labor. The labor laws, the "Contract Law", safety knowledge, overseas customs, etiquette and professional skills training for migrant workers have laid the foundation for the creation of export-oriented labor brands. A group of high-quality peasants who have been transferred out have gradually stepped into the management from the operational level, from being employed to becoming managers who hired people to work. More than 90% of the more than 200 Chinese labor points in the October region of Russia are peasants in the land, and one of the largest vegetable production bases in Russia has been built. All products are directly exported to the Russian market, with an input-output ratio of 1: 2, the annual net income per person is 500,000 yuan. Zhao Yanming, a farmer in Shengli Village, Daduchuan Town, invested 1 million yuan, and contracted 500 acres of vegetable fields in October and Siberia. He employs more than 50 domestic migrant workers and has an annual income of more than 1 million yuan.
5. The organizational form changes from disorder to order. Establish a labor transfer leading agency, determine the management of the town and village, and register all the rural labor. We will strengthen the docking of the foreign labor service market, organize participation in the Hailin Labor Transfer Conference, and hold more than 60 enterprises and 800 migrant workers to participate in the labor supply and demand negotiations, and arrange more than 600 laborers, accounting for 75% of the total. In the village of Sanchakou Town, the villagers organized a 300-hectare land contract with the Russian October District Xinghuo Company. Two batches of drivers and agricultural instructors were dispatched in 1998. The monthly salary was 1300-1500 yuan; respectively, with Huayu Group and Ningcheng Fishery. Green forest animal husbandry company and construction enterprises have contacted many people, transferring more than 600 laborers, accounting for more than 60% of the village's labor force. The monthly salary per capita is 1,000 yuan to 2,200 yuan. In this year alone, the net income can be increased by 1 million yuan, and the per capita income is 430. yuan. Gao'an Village exerts its kinship advantage and focuses on the export of Korean labor. The village committee handles various formalities for the farmers going abroad. The village's 500 laborers have gone to more than 350 people in Korea, with an annual net income of more than 4 million yuan. To formulate opinions, plans and assessment methods for the transfer of rural surplus labor, relax household registration management, handle urban hukou for farmers who work in cities, and provide policies and financial support for farmers to engage in agricultural product processing and marketing, and set up rural labor transfer micro-loans, In 2004, Qikou Town implemented a total of RMB 20 million in agricultural loan funds, of which 3.2 million yuan was earmarked for labor services, accounting for 16% of the total.
Second, the main results and impact
1. Improve the quality and standard of life of farmers. In 2004, the income from labor transfer was 156 million yuan, accounting for 12.7% of the total income of the rural economy, accounting for more than 30% of the annual net income. Labor income has become an important source of income for many farmers. Some towns and villages have emerged as "outing one person and getting rich." A gratifying situation with a living side. 60% of the labor force in 4 Korean villages in Sanchakou Town has been engaged in cross-border labor services in Russia, South Korea and Japan for a long time. This year, the town exported more than 500 laborers to Russia through border trade companies. The per capita annual income is more than 12,000 yuan. It has driven more than 400 laborers to South Korea and more than 100 people to Japan. The per capita annual income is 50,000 to 150,000 yuan. Gao’an village peasant Ren Renpei contracted 120 acres of vegetable fields and 5,000 square meters of sheds in Russia, driving more than 80 farmers in the village to work abroad, with an annual income of 1.3 million yuan; local farmers Jin Ji-nan contracted to the Russian rural residents Under the 200 mu of land, the development of green rice planting, annual income of nearly 100,000 yuan, to achieve a good interaction between overseas land development and the use of village resources, this year the village's per capita income of up to 20,000 yuan, become a new relying on overseas exports to become rich Highlights.
2. Advance the moderate scale operation of the land. The transfer of rural labor led to the transfer of 43,000 mu of cultivated land in the county, effectively revitalizing rural human resources, promoting the optimal allocation of cultivated land resources, and promoting the professional, large-scale and regional production of advantageous agricultural products. The land that has been transferred to farmers and the mountain fields, water surface and tidal flats will be transferred, sold and rented in time. A group of professional villages and large-scale breeding households will stand out and promote the development of production bases such as black fungus, flue-cured tobacco, fruit vegetables, high-quality rice and special breeding. 30.5 million mu, including 135,000 mu of green food; 98 professional villages of fungus developed, accounting for 96% of the total number of administrative villages, 15,000 households of radiation farmers, and more than 20,000 surplus laborers of peasants, including Daixi and Sandao of Xiangyang Town. The scale of the black fungus demonstration area in Shimenzi Village of Hezi and Daduchuan Towns reached 1,200, 1,500, and 16 million bags respectively, and the net income reached 1162, 1329, and 20.8 million yuan. Wang Huiren, a peasant village in Sanxingkou Town, passed the reasonable transfer of land, and contracted 330 acres of land to plant round onions from 45 outdoor farmers, with a total output of 1,300 tons and a net income of more than 500,000 yuan. ≤ The first model network to organize the article, the copyright belongs to the original author, the original source all ≥
3. Accelerating the process of rural urbanization. The development system of small towns with the county as the leader and the center town as the foundation has been formed. A group of peasants with a long skill have a stable occupation in the towns, and the houses have been settled. Since last year, 1,900 peasants have become “citizens”, and the demonstration has driven more The peasants entered the city to settle down. Some migrant workers have not forgotten their hometowns, and have returned to their hometowns to invest in entrepreneurship, and have also fed back the development of “working economy”. The farmers entering the city and returning to the town together constitute the main body of rural urbanization, and promote the development of the tertiary industry and public welfare undertakings in the town. Jinsheng Fan, a farmer from Sanchakou Town, went to work in Korea for many years. After returning home, he invested more than 200,000 yuan to build a first-class Korean restaurant, employing more than 20 people, and driving more than 170 restaurants in the town. Dong Yuchen, a farmer from Hongqi Village, Fuyang Town, completed his original accumulation through work. Now he has invested more than 1 million yuan to build a wood processing plant covering an area of more than 1,000 square meters. He has placed 56 rural surplus laborers and 15 laid-off workers to absorb migrant workers from surrounding counties. 31 people. **The town of Bicheng, a villager in the town, did not forget the folks after working hard. He raised funds of 480,000 yuan to build a 642-meter-long convenience road, which solved the problem of the roads that have plagued the villagers for many years. In the election of the village committee, he was elected as the village director. .
III. Problems and Constraints One is constrained by traditional concepts and old small-scale farming methods. Farmers will not transfer, do not understand transfer and do not want to transfer. The phenomenon is still widespread. It is characterized by high-grade industries such as black fungus in the domain. The rise of the attraction, some farmers have a narrow idea of small wealth and security, housekeeping and business, do not consider potential development, do not want to leave the country to start a business, some migrant workers even return, to increase the rational use of resources, to strengthen the industry pressure.
Second, the overall quality of the peasants is not high. The brain-type and skill-type sorghum farmers are still a minority. Nearly 90% of the rural labor force is below the national middle school culture, and there are fewer technical trainings. Due to lack of scientific knowledge and professionalism. Skills and market awareness, after being transferred out, can only be engaged in hard, dirty, and tired work, and it is more difficult to transfer to emerging industries, restricting the adjustment of employment structure, and often at a disadvantage in competition with urban labor.
Third, in addition to the orderly export of labor services, the degree of organization of labor transfer is still low, and most of them are still in a spontaneous and disordered state. The main channels are limited to “relatively close relatives” and “neighbors and neighbors”, which restricts The deep development of the labor economy; some intermediary organizations operate irregularly, and there are phenomena such as inaccurate information, incomplete management, heavy interests, light services, and affecting the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.
Fourth, with the continuous deepening of reforms in recent years, the number of laid-off workers in urban areas has increased, resulting in the inability of urban residents to accommodate migrant workers, and even the phenomenon of “breathing” has hindered the pace of labor transfer and urban-rural integration; The specific operation departments are constrained by functions and licenses, and are still limited to grasping and guiding, and reporting, and the overall management and coordination are insufficient.
Fourth, countermeasures and recommendations
1. Deepen the adjustment of agricultural structure and enhance the absorption of characteristic industries. Focusing on the establishment of an important rural labor transfer base in the province, firmly establish the concept of “grasping adjustment is to increase income”, persist in developing regional characteristic agriculture, and promote the transfer of surplus labor on the spot to create a platform for foreign farmers to absorb. Stable and orderly expansion of black fungus production, strive to develop 350 million bags of fungus in 2005, and build a national-level edible fungus production base; set up the world's first black fungus by establishing a national standard demonstration county for the production and management of black fungus species. DNA standard fingerprints and database, strengthen the research and development of strains and deep processing of series of foods, strive for the wholesale market of black fungus in Puyang, rank among the leading enterprises in the country, and build the first of the world in the production, processing, sales and benefits of black fungus. County, this industry alone carries more than 30,000 rural laborers both inside and outside the country. Promote agricultural standardization, industrialization, and precision, and coordinate the development of leading industries such as flue-cured tobacco, fruit vegetables, and special aquaculture, improve the construction of national-level apple pear demonstration area and Wantou high-quality red deer core group base, rationally expand the scale of development, and build a green forest Makino skin processing factory. ** Exporting a fruit and vegetable wholesale market to Russia and other leading enterprises in processing, storage and transportation, expanding the dragon-type economy, extending the industrial chain, and forming a strong carrier for rural labor transfer and absorption.
2. Expand the export of labor services in an all-round way and build a strong brand of labor economy. Deeply explore the transit function and realistic potential of the port, highlight the integration of overseas market information and real estate agricultural products, extraterritorial capital and geographical conditions, foreign rich land resources and surplus labor in the county, and quickly export the “cake” to overseas labor services. Large, promote farmers to scale, cross-regional mobile employment, and build the province's largest labor transit base. Actively explore new modes of labor export, market-oriented operation, large-scale operation, and integrated services, promote the industrialization of labor export to Russia, give play to the first-mover advantage of foreign trade enterprises to develop the Russian market, and attract joint Hong Kong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang famous enterprises and famous brands. Going to Russia to build enterprises, establishing overseas entities and entrepreneurial parks, driving the export of rural labor inside and outside the country; expanding economic and technological cooperation with Russia, consolidating agricultural planting, breeding, expanding light industrial product processing, home appliance assembly, construction contracting, mineral development, etc. Advantages and emerging areas, to build a suitable platform for rural labor overseas employment. Widely borrowed from multinational corporations, overseas agencies, overseas relatives and other media to contact and exchange high-quality "industrial workers", establish an international reputation, and call the ** labor export brand, prompting more farmers to go abroad.
3. Focus on the development of non-agricultural industries, and open up new channels for transfer and absorption. It will be an important starting point for the promotion of non-agricultural industries in rural areas, and to promote the long-term transfer of surplus labor in rural areas, and to build a strong enterprise to form a backbone for farmers to increase their incomes. Efforts to promote China-Russia ** - the construction of the Poltafka mutual trade zone, the operation of the Chinese side of the commodity trading center, to encourage the relative investment of the two companies, to promote the corresponding construction of China and Russia, the opening of the equivalent, built mainly processing The characteristic mutual trade zone has formed a huge multinational business flow, people flow, logistics, and promoted the rapid development of supporting industries such as transportation and catering, and maximized the carrying capacity of rural labor. Focusing on the establishment of important light industrial products, imported timber and green food processing bases along the border, in-depth promotion of “industrial Xing County”, integration of “one district and five parks” under construction, planning and construction of strip-shaped Sino-Russian international economic and technological development zones and large multinational chains The processing park will promote project agglomeration, enterprise clusters, form a characteristic block economy, and expand the employment capacity of rural labor. Give full play to the advantages of high degree of privatization and strong original accumulation, guide the whole people to start their own businesses, strengthen the people-oriented economy, strengthen and expand the labor-intensive and technology-intensive SMEs, and accelerate the development of commerce, catering services and leisure closely related to the regional pillar industries. The tertiary industry, such as entertainment, enables the rural labor force to achieve a reliable career transfer.
I. Characteristics of the development of labor economy as an important national first-class port of the Yangtze River to Russia, ** County has jurisdiction over 6 towns and 102 villages, with an agricultural population of 101,000, of which 62,000 are rural laborers and 35,000 are surplus laborers; 733,000 mu, 7.26 mu per capita. In recent years, through domestic and overseas interactions, transfer, transfer, and absorption, the pace of rural labor transfer has accelerated. In 2004, a total of 33,800 people were transferred, accounting for 96.8% of the total surplus labor force, of which, the transfer of 24,600 people was overseas. Domestic large and medium-sized cities transferred 9,200 people, accounting for 73% and 27% of the total transfer respectively. The following trends and characteristics are specifically presented.
1. The transfer field is transformed from the inside to the outside. Give full play to the leading role of the leading ports in the port, expand foreign investment and cooperation, and expand the employment space for rural surplus labor. Vigorously explore the Russian market, and built 16 comprehensive wholesale markets with light industrial products, fruits and vegetables and grain in Russia's October district, Ussuriysk and Vladivostok. More than 1,700 rural laborers are engaged in overseas marketing, per capita. The annual income is more than 10,000 yuan. Actively promote cross-border investment. At present, border trade enterprises have established 52 entities of various types abroad, including 38 processing types, with an investment of 297 million yuan, involving light industrial products, wood processing and metal smelting, decoration and other fields, carrying rural areas. The workforce is nearly a thousand people. Expanding agricultural science and technology cooperation with Russia, the county government leased 1,300 hectares of land in Russia to build an agricultural technology cooperation base, and established 13 small and medium-sized farms in the Russian Far East. The annual export of more than 2,000 laborers in the county and abroad, the income of nearly 20 million yuan. In 2004, 4,300 laborers were transferred to Russia, South Korea, Japan and other places, accounting for 13% of the total number of transfers.
2. The transfer channel has changed from single to multiple. We will do a good job in strengthening the county economy and broaden the channels for transfer. Focusing on the import and export processing industry of the big port, the company has carried out the “rooting” project in depth, with an accumulated investment of 126 million yuan, the construction of import and export processing to Russia, the import of sawn timber and the Huayu Industrial Park in Fuyang, 37 enterprises have been carried, and 26 households have been completed and put into operation. A number of labor-intensive enterprises, such as Huahai Wood Industry, Ningcheng Fishery, and Shunfeng Songren Processing Plant, have been put into production one after another, and more than 1,700 farmers have been resettled. Accelerate the development of township enterprises, cultivate 45 households with an output value of over one million yuan and over 100 jobs, and resettle more than 2,400 rural laborers; Puyang Town has established 28 wood processing enterprises, 15 black fungus processing enterprises, and more than 1,000 rural laborers. people. Accelerate the development of the tertiary industry in rural areas, absorb surplus labor to small cities and towns, and work in cities and towns. **The town relies on the advantages of suburban areas. It has more than 4,000 farmers in the catering and transportation industries, accounting for more than 50% of the rural labor force; It has built the largest black fungus distribution center in the country, the wholesale market of Fuyang black fungus, which has driven more than 6,000 farmers to specialize in black fungus sales, transportation and other related industries. The development of the "energy" economy, more than 4,000 brokers in the county and abroad have left the land, engaged in agricultural products sales all year round or seasonally.
3. The transfer mode changes from output to absorption. Cultivate and expand characteristic agriculture, develop 240 million bags of bagged fungus, more than 7,000 ear-earned farmers, with an annual output of 10,000 tons; build fruit trees and vegetable production base of 185,000 mu, with an annual output of 170,000 tons of fresh products, which will become the national black fungus production and sales. A county and a large exporting fruit and vegetable distribution center along the border. The vigorous rise of labor-intensive industries such as black fungus, exporting fruits and vegetables, and special breeding has produced strong absorption for local and foreign farmers. According to incomplete statistics, the four leading agricultural industries in the year digested more than 20,000 rural surplus laborers by means of “not leaving the village” and absorbed more than 1,000 migrant workers from surrounding areas such as Muling and Linkou. 218 farmers in Qianxi Village of Puyang Town have developed 12 million bags of fungus in this year. In winter and spring, each household employs 4 nearby rural laborers. The annual labor cost of the village has reached more than 800,000 yuan. The construction of the Sino-Russian **-Poltavka Mutual Trade Zone, which is mainly based on processing, has completed the main project of the commodity trading center with a construction area of 220,000 square meters on the Chinese side. Only one building has absorbed more than 2,000 migrant workers from other places. . Going abroad to establish an absorption base, and building more than 300 labor points in Russia's Ussuriysk and October districts, with an area of 45,000 mu and more than 4,000 long-term employees, including more than 2,500 foreign migrant workers. The source is mostly Jilin. Shandong, Shandong Province and Qiqihar, Longjiang, Helen, Bayan, Lanxi, Suihua, Hulan and other farmers, per capita net income of 10,000 to 20,000 yuan; Jixin Industry and Trade Group and Wenzhou Daphne, Sheng Hongda footwear industry, investment 30 million Yuan built 11 shoe production lines in Ussurisk, Russia, and produced 40,000 pairs of leather shoes and travel shoes. Only 400 people from Wenzhou were employed, and their monthly income was above 2,000 yuan.
4. Transfer farmers from physical to functional and management. Focusing on improving the transfer of farmers' temperament, taking the county agricultural education center as the center, using the prefectural vocational education center, labor training center, agricultural technology promotion center, agricultural machinery driving school teachers and facilities, the village is ready to engage in non-agricultural industries and work in the city. High school graduates carried out labor preparation training, coordinated 26 enterprises in the county to sign more than 550 employment agreements with the towns, and held 53 professional training courses on black fungus cultivation, woodworking, electrician, civil engineering, Russian, etc., and trained personnel of 11,700. The number of people, accounting for 76% of the rural surplus labor. The labor laws, the "Contract Law", safety knowledge, overseas customs, etiquette and professional skills training for migrant workers have laid the foundation for the creation of export-oriented labor brands. A group of high-quality peasants who have been transferred out have gradually stepped into the management from the operational level, from being employed to becoming managers who hired people to work. More than 90% of the more than 200 Chinese labor points in the October region of Russia are peasants in the land, and one of the largest vegetable production bases in Russia has been built. All products are directly exported to the Russian market, with an input-output ratio of 1: 2, the annual net income per person is 500,000 yuan. Zhao Yanming, a farmer in Shengli Village, Daduchuan Town, invested 1 million yuan, and contracted 500 acres of vegetable fields in October and Siberia. He employs more than 50 domestic migrant workers and has an annual income of more than 1 million yuan.
5. The organizational form changes from disorder to order. Establish a labor transfer leading agency, determine the management of the town and village, and register all the rural labor. We will strengthen the docking of the foreign labor service market, organize participation in the Hailin Labor Transfer Conference, and hold more than 60 enterprises and 800 migrant workers to participate in the labor supply and demand negotiations, and arrange more than 600 laborers, accounting for 75% of the total. In the village of Sanchakou Town, the villagers organized a 300-hectare land contract with the Russian October District Xinghuo Company. Two batches of drivers and agricultural instructors were dispatched in 1998. The monthly salary was 1300-1500 yuan; respectively, with Huayu Group and Ningcheng Fishery. Green forest animal husbandry company and construction enterprises have contacted many people, transferring more than 600 laborers, accounting for more than 60% of the village's labor force. The monthly salary per capita is 1,000 yuan to 2,200 yuan. In this year alone, the net income can be increased by 1 million yuan, and the per capita income is 430. yuan. Gao'an Village exerts its kinship advantage and focuses on the export of Korean labor. The village committee handles various formalities for the farmers going abroad. The village's 500 laborers have gone to more than 350 people in Korea, with an annual net income of more than 4 million yuan. To formulate opinions, plans and assessment methods for the transfer of rural surplus labor, relax household registration management, handle urban hukou for farmers who work in cities, and provide policies and financial support for farmers to engage in agricultural product processing and marketing, and set up rural labor transfer micro-loans, In 2004, Qikou Town implemented a total of RMB 20 million in agricultural loan funds, of which 3.2 million yuan was earmarked for labor services, accounting for 16% of the total.
Second, the main results and impact
1. Improve the quality and standard of life of farmers. In 2004, the income from labor transfer was 156 million yuan, accounting for 12.7% of the total income of the rural economy, accounting for more than 30% of the annual net income. Labor income has become an important source of income for many farmers. Some towns and villages have emerged as "outing one person and getting rich." A gratifying situation with a living side. 60% of the labor force in 4 Korean villages in Sanchakou Town has been engaged in cross-border labor services in Russia, South Korea and Japan for a long time. This year, the town exported more than 500 laborers to Russia through border trade companies. The per capita annual income is more than 12,000 yuan. It has driven more than 400 laborers to South Korea and more than 100 people to Japan. The per capita annual income is 50,000 to 150,000 yuan. Gao’an village peasant Ren Renpei contracted 120 acres of vegetable fields and 5,000 square meters of sheds in Russia, driving more than 80 farmers in the village to work abroad, with an annual income of 1.3 million yuan; local farmers Jin Ji-nan contracted to the Russian rural residents Under the 200 mu of land, the development of green rice planting, annual income of nearly 100,000 yuan, to achieve a good interaction between overseas land development and the use of village resources, this year the village's per capita income of up to 20,000 yuan, become a new relying on overseas exports to become rich Highlights.
2. Advance the moderate scale operation of the land. The transfer of rural labor led to the transfer of 43,000 mu of cultivated land in the county, effectively revitalizing rural human resources, promoting the optimal allocation of cultivated land resources, and promoting the professional, large-scale and regional production of advantageous agricultural products. The land that has been transferred to farmers and the mountain fields, water surface and tidal flats will be transferred, sold and rented in time. A group of professional villages and large-scale breeding households will stand out and promote the development of production bases such as black fungus, flue-cured tobacco, fruit vegetables, high-quality rice and special breeding. 30.5 million mu, including 135,000 mu of green food; 98 professional villages of fungus developed, accounting for 96% of the total number of administrative villages, 15,000 households of radiation farmers, and more than 20,000 surplus laborers of peasants, including Daixi and Sandao of Xiangyang Town. The scale of the black fungus demonstration area in Shimenzi Village of Hezi and Daduchuan Towns reached 1,200, 1,500, and 16 million bags respectively, and the net income reached 1162, 1329, and 20.8 million yuan. Wang Huiren, a peasant village in Sanxingkou Town, passed the reasonable transfer of land, and contracted 330 acres of land to plant round onions from 45 outdoor farmers, with a total output of 1,300 tons and a net income of more than 500,000 yuan. ≤ The first model network to organize the article, the copyright belongs to the original author, the original source all ≥
3. Accelerating the process of rural urbanization. The development system of small towns with the county as the leader and the center town as the foundation has been formed. A group of peasants with a long skill have a stable occupation in the towns, and the houses have been settled. Since last year, 1,900 peasants have become “citizens”, and the demonstration has driven more The peasants entered the city to settle down. Some migrant workers have not forgotten their hometowns, and have returned to their hometowns to invest in entrepreneurship, and have also fed back the development of “working economy”. The farmers entering the city and returning to the town together constitute the main body of rural urbanization, and promote the development of the tertiary industry and public welfare undertakings in the town. Jinsheng Fan, a farmer from Sanchakou Town, went to work in Korea for many years. After returning home, he invested more than 200,000 yuan to build a first-class Korean restaurant, employing more than 20 people, and driving more than 170 restaurants in the town. Dong Yuchen, a farmer from Hongqi Village, Fuyang Town, completed his original accumulation through work. Now he has invested more than 1 million yuan to build a wood processing plant covering an area of more than 1,000 square meters. He has placed 56 rural surplus laborers and 15 laid-off workers to absorb migrant workers from surrounding counties. 31 people. **The town of Bicheng, a villager in the town, did not forget the folks after working hard. He raised funds of 480,000 yuan to build a 642-meter-long convenience road, which solved the problem of the roads that have plagued the villagers for many years. In the election of the village committee, he was elected as the village director. .
III. Problems and Constraints One is constrained by traditional concepts and old small-scale farming methods. Farmers will not transfer, do not understand transfer and do not want to transfer. The phenomenon is still widespread. It is characterized by high-grade industries such as black fungus in the domain. The rise of the attraction, some farmers have a narrow idea of small wealth and security, housekeeping and business, do not consider potential development, do not want to leave the country to start a business, some migrant workers even return, to increase the rational use of resources, to strengthen the industry pressure.
Second, the overall quality of the peasants is not high. The brain-type and skill-type sorghum farmers are still a minority. Nearly 90% of the rural labor force is below the national middle school culture, and there are fewer technical trainings. Due to lack of scientific knowledge and professionalism. Skills and market awareness, after being transferred out, can only be engaged in hard, dirty, and tired work, and it is more difficult to transfer to emerging industries, restricting the adjustment of employment structure, and often at a disadvantage in competition with urban labor.
Third, in addition to the orderly export of labor services, the degree of organization of labor transfer is still low, and most of them are still in a spontaneous and disordered state. The main channels are limited to “relatively close relatives” and “neighbors and neighbors”, which restricts The deep development of the labor economy; some intermediary organizations operate irregularly, and there are phenomena such as inaccurate information, incomplete management, heavy interests, light services, and affecting the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.
Fourth, with the continuous deepening of reforms in recent years, the number of laid-off workers in urban areas has increased, resulting in the inability of urban residents to accommodate migrant workers, and even the phenomenon of “breathing” has hindered the pace of labor transfer and urban-rural integration; The specific operation departments are constrained by functions and licenses, and are still limited to grasping and guiding, and reporting, and the overall management and coordination are insufficient.
Fourth, countermeasures and recommendations
1. Deepen the adjustment of agricultural structure and enhance the absorption of characteristic industries. Focusing on the establishment of an important rural labor transfer base in the province, firmly establish the concept of “grasping adjustment is to increase income”, persist in developing regional characteristic agriculture, and promote the transfer of surplus labor on the spot to create a platform for foreign farmers to absorb. Stable and orderly expansion of black fungus production, strive to develop 350 million bags of fungus in 2005, and build a national-level edible fungus production base; set up the world's first black fungus by establishing a national standard demonstration county for the production and management of black fungus species. DNA standard fingerprints and database, strengthen the research and development of strains and deep processing of series of foods, strive for the wholesale market of black fungus in Puyang, rank among the leading enterprises in the country, and build the first of the world in the production, processing, sales and benefits of black fungus. County, this industry alone carries more than 30,000 rural laborers both inside and outside the country. Promote agricultural standardization, industrialization, and precision, and coordinate the development of leading industries such as flue-cured tobacco, fruit vegetables, and special aquaculture, improve the construction of national-level apple pear demonstration area and Wantou high-quality red deer core group base, rationally expand the scale of development, and build a green forest Makino skin processing factory. ** Exporting a fruit and vegetable wholesale market to Russia and other leading enterprises in processing, storage and transportation, expanding the dragon-type economy, extending the industrial chain, and forming a strong carrier for rural labor transfer and absorption.
2. Expand the export of labor services in an all-round way and build a strong brand of labor economy. Deeply explore the transit function and realistic potential of the port, highlight the integration of overseas market information and real estate agricultural products, extraterritorial capital and geographical conditions, foreign rich land resources and surplus labor in the county, and quickly export the “cake” to overseas labor services. Large, promote farmers to scale, cross-regional mobile employment, and build the province's largest labor transit base. Actively explore new modes of labor export, market-oriented operation, large-scale operation, and integrated services, promote the industrialization of labor export to Russia, give play to the first-mover advantage of foreign trade enterprises to develop the Russian market, and attract joint Hong Kong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang famous enterprises and famous brands. Going to Russia to build enterprises, establishing overseas entities and entrepreneurial parks, driving the export of rural labor inside and outside the country; expanding economic and technological cooperation with Russia, consolidating agricultural planting, breeding, expanding light industrial product processing, home appliance assembly, construction contracting, mineral development, etc. Advantages and emerging areas, to build a suitable platform for rural labor overseas employment. Widely borrowed from multinational corporations, overseas agencies, overseas relatives and other media to contact and exchange high-quality "industrial workers", establish an international reputation, and call the ** labor export brand, prompting more farmers to go abroad.
3. Focus on the development of non-agricultural industries, and open up new channels for transfer and absorption. It will be an important starting point for the promotion of non-agricultural industries in rural areas, and to promote the long-term transfer of surplus labor in rural areas, and to build a strong enterprise to form a backbone for farmers to increase their incomes. Efforts to promote China-Russia ** - the construction of the Poltafka mutual trade zone, the operation of the Chinese side of the commodity trading center, to encourage the relative investment of the two companies, to promote the corresponding construction of China and Russia, the opening of the equivalent, built mainly processing The characteristic mutual trade zone has formed a huge multinational business flow, people flow, logistics, and promoted the rapid development of supporting industries such as transportation and catering, and maximized the carrying capacity of rural labor. Focusing on the establishment of important light industrial products, imported timber and green food processing bases along the border, in-depth promotion of “industrial Xing County”, integration of “one district and five parks” under construction, planning and construction of strip-shaped Sino-Russian international economic and technological development zones and large multinational chains The processing park will promote project agglomeration, enterprise clusters, form a characteristic block economy, and expand the employment capacity of rural labor. Give full play to the advantages of high degree of privatization and strong original accumulation, guide the whole people to start their own businesses, strengthen the people-oriented economy, strengthen and expand the labor-intensive and technology-intensive SMEs, and accelerate the development of commerce, catering services and leisure closely related to the regional pillar industries. The tertiary industry, such as entertainment, enables the rural labor force to achieve a reliable career transfer.
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