Electronic internship summary

Electronic internship summary

This week, our class conducted a one-week electronic process internship. The internship was to make a radio. In fact, it was a simple assembly!

At the beginning, I didn't know what to do in the electronic process internship, thinking that this would be done like the previous metalworking internship. Later I learned that I was doing a radio, and the good works could be brought back. It sounds really interesting, and it should be fun to do! In this way, I started this internship with great interest and playing mind.

The first day is not to learn to make, but to do some basic work exercises, how to use soldering iron to solder components. The soldering iron is no stranger to me. I used to use it a lot in the electronic association. It can be used but it is not skilled, so I take the opportunity of this practice very seriously. Welding seems to be very simple, but there are a lot of skills to be particular about in the process. In the process of welding, it is necessary to grasp the time. It is better to do more! It is best to do this while thinking about the action skills taught by the teacher. It's faster.

The main task of the second day was to understand the general principles of the radio. Seriously, although I am an electronic major, I don't know many common electronic components. The teacher also knows that we have less common sense, so we start with component recognition. This teacher's lecture is very interesting, and often let us introduce it, so the learning atmosphere is much better than when we usually take professional courses. After the teacher finished the principle, we began to insert each component into the PCB according to the drawing.

On the third day, we will weld each component that was inserted yesterday. My PCB board has been better than half yesterday, so I soldered it up shortly after this morning. I am very happy because I was the first one in our class to take the work to debug for the teacher. After debugging, I found that my production was a little problem, but after I carefully checked and modified it, I finally succeeded! Listening to the sound of my own production is sweet, because this is the crystallization of my labor!

The task of the fourth day was to install the outer casing of the radio. On the fifth day, the teacher taught us to write the details and precautions of the internship report. This week's internship is over, and the time flies so fast, it's a bit unwilling.

This internship was very interesting and easy. Through the teacher's explanation, I learned the basic principles of the radio and also learned a lot of electronic expertise. In the process of the internship, I continued to improve my hands-on ability and I also realized the joy of practice. Because in practice, you will often encounter many problems. After you encounter problems, you should carefully check to find out the errors. Finally, you must find a way to solve them. Such a process unconsciously improves my practical ability and lays the foundation for future study and experimentation!

Electronic internship summary

Internship content and purpose: Radio installation, welding and debugging, let students understand the assembly process of electronic products; master the identification and quality inspection of electronic components; learn the assembly process of the whole machine; cultivate hands-on ability and rigorous work style.

Identify the measurement: 1 Learn how to use the color ring to read the resistance, then use a multimeter to verify that the reading is consistent with the actual situation, then put the resistance on the paper, mark the data to improve the next welding speed; 2 learned how to measure The diode and how to identify the "+" and "-" poles of the diode, 3 learned how to use a multimeter to measure the magnification of the triode, how to identify the "b", "e", "c" of the triode The three pins; 4 learned the identification and reading of the capacitor, "╫" means the capacitor of the element, regardless of the "+", "-" pole; "┥┣+" means the electrolytic capacitor.

Welding experience: When welding the radio, learning to weld should be my biggest gain. The following is a brief introduction to the following welding experience. The most important thing to pay attention to is the temperature and time of welding. When soldering, the temperature of the soldering iron should be higher than that of solder. But not too high, the rosin of the soldering iron joint just smoked, the welding time should not be too short, because the solder joint temperature is too low, the solder joints are not melted enough, the solder joints are rough and easy to cause the solder joint, and the soldering time Long, the solder is easy to flow, so that the components are overheated, easily damaged, and it is easy to burn the printed circuit board or cause a short circuit in the soldering.

Welding sequence: 1 In the middle of welding, in order to balance the printed circuit board, we need to weld two diagonal mid-weeks. Before welding, we must identify the color of the middle week to avoid soldering. Do not suddenly All the four middle weeks are welded on the top, so that the small components in the future are not easy to install → 2 welding resistors. We have already placed the resistors on the paper. We have to weld them in the order of r1 - r13 to avoid leakage of the resistors. After the resistor, we need to use a multimeter to check whether the resistors are the same as the previous values. →3 soldering capacitors, first solder the capacitors, pay attention to the above readings, followed by the soldering capacitors. Pay special attention to the long legs. +" pole, short foot is "-" pole → 4 welded diode, red end is "+", black end is "-" → 5 welding triode, must recognize "e", "b", "c" three-pin → 6 remaining mid-week and transformer and switch can be welded → 7 most need to be careful is to solder the antenna coil, with four wires must be accurately welded according to the circuit diagram → 8 welding printing Circuit board "Intermittent-shaped part, we need to connect them together by solder → ⑨ welding horn and the battery holder.

Debugging and testing: Debugging is a very difficult and patient task, but its purpose and significance is very significant. We must understand the production and debugging process of general electronic products through the detection and debugging of the radio, and initially learn how to debug electronic products, cultivate testing capabilities and meticulous scientific style. First of all, we need to check whether the soldering circuit damages the printed circuit board, check whether the resistance is the same as the drawing, whether the diodes and the triodes have the polarity welding fault, the position is wrong, and whether the circuit board is broken or shorted. Whether there is a short circuit caused by welding during welding, and whether the positive and negative poles of the power supply lead wire are correct. Second, to check the power - in the power-on state, carefully adjust the mid-week, be sure to record each adjustment process, if the adjustment fails, then re-return to bring the original position, it is not good to ask the teacher to help! But in the whole process We must have patience.

The experience and significance of this internship: After two weeks of electrical and electronic internship, we learned the basic welding technology, the detection and debugging of the radio, know the assembly process of electronic products, we also learned the identification and quality of electronic components. Inspection, knowing the assembly process of the whole machine, these are our ability to cultivate hands-on work and rigorous work style, and also lay a good foundation for our future work. The most basic point: I used to learn the "analog electronic technology" class. The teacher spoke too abstractly, and through this study, he re-understood a lot of things. And this is the professional course in our future.

Internship summary

Through this internship, I not only completed a radio by myself, but also learned a lot. First of all, it consolidates the theory of electronics, enhances the ability to identify electronic components, and enhances the ability to use multimeters by measuring components. Secondly, we have cultivated our hands-on ability. Practice is the only criterion for testing truth. The theoretical things are only true through the test of practice. By assembling a superheterodyne radio, we understood how it works and learned about welding techniques. Also, this internship has also exercised our ability to solve problems. During the internship, we encountered various problems. Through this internship, we learned to face a problem, whether we are not flustered, clear our thinking, and look for problems. The root cause and then solve the problem step by step.

This internship made me understand that sometimes I think it is useless. I have to go to study, study, and practice. Only in this way can we make substantial progress, and we must discuss with students and solve various difficulties. In difficulties, you I can learn more about non-textbooks, and I can exercise your observations while looking for mistakes. So I know the role of many parts and understand what kind of phenomenon is which part of the electronic area has gone wrong. Small success gives me a lot of motivation, I know I will continue to work hard.

Throughout the internship, I learned a lot of things, which opened my eyes and felt deeply. Simple welding has made me understand the true meaning of life learning. Although the course is over, the study is not over yet. I know that as a university student in the information age, as a high-tech talent cultivated by the state, it is not enough to operate the mouse. The ability to do it is the foundation and necessary condition for all work and creation.

Problems and suggestions

The main problems in the internship are: some solder joints on the circuit board do not meet the standard; especially the wire is not soldered well, it is easy to fall off; the multimeter has some inaccuracies, some have poor contact, which makes it easy for us to measure the data. An error occurred; the antenna of the assembled radio always slipped, resulting in less advantage of not being able to listen to the broadcast station or listening to the station. With paper stoppers, the paper is easy to fall off.

In addition, as for the suggestion, it is recommended that the teacher give us more theoretical knowledge, let us know more about how it works. In a blink of an eye, I have been in the engineering company for three months. I am honored to be assigned to the company's comprehensive department for study. The General Department is a large department. Now there are a total of twelve people. Everyone works and studies together. In this special department, almost all departments of the company are involved in the matters of the General Department, such as applying for the company's official seal, legal representative's chapter, logistics support, and so on. During this period, I learned a lot of things, and gradually got to know some of the company's situation, and I was familiar with some of the work processes. I also know that I am in the apprenticeship stage and learning is the first important thing. Therefore, during these three months, the main thing is to learn and be familiar with the work and the environment. My testimony at this time is: study hard and work hard to do the work of leadership. Below I will introduce my recent work in several aspects.

Electronic internship summary

First, the internship content

In the process of electronic technology internship, we have completed the assembly of the FM AM radio. During the period, I learned a lot of valuable experience and related electronic technology knowledge. In this radio assembly, the welding process takes up a very important part. For scattered electronic components, a complete system can be formed by soldering. The quality of the welding directly affects the stability of the system. Mastering the operation techniques of welding and electronic processes is not enough to read books and explain. We must go deep into the internship, after all, practice the truth. At the same time, in the internship, we must also apply the knowledge in the book to the practical operation.

Through this internship, I deeply realized that the combination of theoretical knowledge and practice is a very important part of the teaching process. Only in this way can we improve our practical ability, and cultivate our independent thinking, courage to overcome difficulties, and teamwork. the spirit of.

Internships can be a good way to develop our hands-on skills. Through the internship, we not only learned the assembly of the FM radio, but also learned the welding of electronic components, as well as the detection and debugging of the radio. Throughout the internship, the most challenging process for us is the soldering of components. Welding is one of the basic methods of metal processing, it seems easy, but it is not.

Plug-in welding

Operation steps: First prepare the solder wire and soldering iron. The first use of the soldering iron requires tinning on the soldering iron: the solder wire is melted and adhered to the soldering iron tip until the molten solder is spherical and will fall off. Then, the soldering iron is preheated to a certain temperature, and then the solder wire and the soldering iron are simultaneously moved to the soldering point, and the soldering point is preheated by the temperature of the soldering iron, and the soldering wire is brought to the temperature when the soldering member is heated to a temperature capable of melting the solder. Solder joints, the solder begins to melt and wet the solder joints. The solder wire is removed after melting a certain amount of solder. Remove the soldering iron after the solder has completely wetted the solder joint.

Operation points: In manual soldering iron welding, the weldment is often easily contaminated, so it is generally necessary to carry out surface cleaning work. In the manual operation, sandpaper scraping is a simple and easy method to remove rust and oil on the welding surface. Impurities such as dust that affect the quality of the weld. Rosin can be used in the welding process to promote welding, so that it can be welded better, but it can not be used excessively. A suitable soldering agent should be the solder joint to be formed by the loose perfume. Do not let the perfume flow through the printing plate to the component surface or the jack. No soldering is required when using rosin solder. During the soldering process, the soldering iron tip is easily oxidized to form a layer of black impurities, which causes the soldering iron tip to lose its heating effect. So we need to wipe off the impurities on the tip with a damp cloth or wet sponge. In the process of welding, we must ensure the proper amount of solder, and we must fix the weldment during the welding process, and quickly remove the tip when it is removed to prevent burrs.

Finished content: Using the method of manual soldering, the wire is soldered on the universal board, and the basic operation method of manual soldering is understood and preliminarily mastered.

SMD soldering

Nowadays, more and more boards use surface mount originals. Compared with traditional packages, they can reduce the area of ​​the board, facilitate high-volume processing, and have high wiring density. The lead inductance of the chip resistor and capacitor is greatly reduced, and has great advantages in high frequency circuits. The inconvenience of surface mount components is that it is not convenient for manual soldering.

Operation steps: Fix the circuit board, take the flux and gently clamp the electronic components with the tweezers, and use the hot air blown by the hot air gun to melt the solder between the original and the circuit board, and remove the original at the moment when the solder melts.

Operation points:

1. Apply flux to the pad before soldering, and use a heat gun to prevent the pad from being tinned or oxidized, resulting in poor soldering. The chip generally does not need to be processed.

2. Carefully place the electronics on the pcb board with tweezers, taking care not to damage the pins. Align it with the pad to ensure that the wafer is placed in the correct orientation. Adjust the temperature of the heat gun to more than 300 degrees Celsius, use the tool to hold down the wafer in the aligned position, add a small amount of flux to the pins at the two diagonal positions, still hold down the wafer, and solder the two pairs. The pins in the angular position make the wafer fixed and cannot move. Re-check the position of the wafer after welding the diagonal. Adjust or remove and realign the position on the pcb board if necessary.

3. When soldering all the leads, solder should be applied to the tip of the soldering iron and all pins should be soldered to keep the pins wet. The hot air of the heat gun is used to melt the solder until it sees the solder flowing into the pin. Keep the hot air gun parallel to the soldered lead during soldering to prevent overlap due to excessive soldering.

4. After soldering all the leads, wet all pins with solder to clean the solder. Remove excess solder where needed to eliminate any shorts and laps. Finally, use tweezers to check for solder joints. After the inspection is completed, remove the flux from the board.

5. Electronic components cannot be taken directly by hand. Clamping with tweezers should not be applied to the leads. There is no label on the surface of the chip capacitor, so it must be accurately and timely attached to the specified position. The patch process requires that the components and the corresponding pads be aligned correctly, and in the process of patching, as much as possible to avoid the bias, and then to correct. At the same time, attention should be paid to the protection of various components, such as pin deformation, electrostatic breakdown, pollution, etc. during operation. The mounted board should be handled with care to avoid the components being deflected by vibration.

Completion: After the components on the mobile phone circuit board are removed in turn, the components are soldered to the circuit board in turn. The welding method and precautions of the chip soldering are further familiar with the removal and soldering of the components.

Making a circuit board

We used the laser printing method. The teacher gave us the thermal transfer paper and copper-clad board that had already printed the circuit diagram. We sanded the copper-clad board with sandpaper, and fixed the thermal transfer paper on the copper-clad board with tape. The photo is over-molded, so that the toner is completely adsorbed on the copper-clad board, and the thermal transfer paper is removed by hot heat. The copper-clad plate from which the thermal transfer paper is removed is placed in a ferric chloride liquid to be corroded, and the hot water is taken out after the corrosion is completed. Rinse, and finally use sandpaper to remove the remaining toner on the board, and the printed circuit board is successfully produced.