Internship summary of college students majoring in civil engineering

I majored in civil engineering at the university. After graduation, I was probably an engineer. This is a very good job at the moment. In the future, the old villagers believe that engineers will not be left out. After all, the society is developing, so many buildings need to be demolished and rebuilt. No guidance from engineers is not enough.

But engineers are not so easy to do. Engineers must have solid academic support and theoretical conservation. The most important thing is to have experience. There is no mistake in building a building. So I have to have more internships so that I don't have any experience in my future work.

From May 9th to 17th, 2019, all our civil engineering students had a one-week internship . The internship included the third teaching building, the second experimental building, the fourth teaching building and the basic construction site of our school. Residential area, construction site of the new building of Nanchong Library, Shangzhongba Bridge, etc. Understanding the internship process has broadened my horizons and mastered some of the basic knowledge of the profession.

After a week of internships , I learned a lot about professionalism and also included the production of graduation designs. During the internship, I also learned a lot of basic knowledge of the building. For example, the main teaching corridor is very clear, generally it is oriented eastward, which can reduce the time of direct sunlight; public buildings have very open foyers and stairs in obvious positions. Knowing this knowledge will be of great help to our future professional studies.

In the introduction to the building, the teacher first tells us what is the floor area ratio; what is the building density; what is the green space rate followed by the structural structure, that is, the skeleton consisting of columns, longitudinal beams, transverse beams, slabs, etc. as the load-bearing structure, The wall is a retaining structure. The second experimental building of the school has a large span. The reinforced concrete beam made of reinforced concrete not only makes the shape more beautiful, but also is more stable and has a good effect. The second experimental building uses a glass curtain wall to make it look more beautiful and reduce its own weight, but it causes light pollution and produces urban thermal conductivity. The outer part of the house has scattered water about one meter wide. The main purpose is to discharge rainwater to the outside of the building to prevent rainwater from intruding into the building foundation, resulting in uneven settlement of the foundation. At the same time, the scattered water required by a certain width can also be used to separate the rainwater. building.

When constructing the bridge, the foundation construction should be carried out first. When the bridge pier is erected, the rafting should be carried out first. When the foundation is the pile foundation, the precast pile can be slammed or shaken to sink. In addition, the concrete can be drilled and filled with concrete from top to bottom. As a foundation pier with steel bars, the method of caisson construction can be used when the water is deep. The Shangzhongba Bridge on the Jialing River is a cable-stayed bridge with a single tower double lock surface and a lock-type fan shape with 6*24 diagonal zippers. The cable-stayed bridge is composed of three basic members: main beam, tower column and oblique lock. The oblique lock made of high-strength steel hoisting the main beam at multiple points, and transmits the dead load and vehicle load of the main beam to the tower column. It is then passed from the tower to the foundation. The bridge deck is slightly at the end of the bridge, which is a two-way four-lane road. There are also pedestrian walkways. The tower is in the "h" shape with an upstairs inside the tower for maintenance.

When we watched the video, we saw that the construction of the house should do a good job in environmental protection at the construction site. The following measures are taken: 1. Technical measures for construction waste and dust control. Hardening and greening the site at the construction site, and often sprinkling water and Watering to reduce dust pollution. When loading or unloading dusty materials, sprinkle them with water or in a warehouse. The scaffolding outside the building is completely enclosed to prevent dust from leaking. It is strictly forbidden to throw rubbish outside the building, and all garbage is bagged out. There is a car wash station outside the main entrance and exit. The transport vehicle must be washed before leaving the road. For vehicles carrying construction materials, earthwork, construction waste and construction dregs, special personnel are responsible for cleaning and flushing to ensure that they are not in transit. Stained beam roads and environment. Strictly implement the regulations governing the management of transportation vehicles at the location of the project. 2. Technical measures for noise control Low noise processes and construction methods are used in the construction. Establish a regular noise monitoring system and find that the noise exceeds the standard, find the cause immediately, and make corrections in time. When the noise of construction work may exceed the noise limit of the construction site, it shall be reported to the construction administrative department and the environmental protection department before the start of construction, and then approved before construction. Adjusting the working time, and the noise-intensive processes such as concrete mixing and pouring are prohibited from working at night. 3. Environmental protection around the construction site During the construction process, the environment around the site is actively protected. In the construction process of the whole project, especially in the construction stage of earthwork, the vehicles entering the field will be flushed to prevent pollution of the road surface. If there are old trees, cultural relics, etc. that hinder the construction during construction, the construction shall be stopped immediately and isolation measures shall be taken, and the construction shall be resumed after the relevant units have been treated.

In the case of foundation construction, soil nailing wall construction can be used. Soil nails are generally set by drilling, ribbing, and grouting, but there are also soil nails formed by directly hitting thicker steel bars and sections and steel pipes. The soil nail contacts the surrounding soil along the length of the joint, and relies on the bonding frictional resistance on the contact interface to form a composite soil with the surrounding soil. The soil nail is passively stressed under the condition that the soil is deformed. The soil is mainly reinforced by the shearing work, and the soil nail generally forms a certain angle with the plane, so it is called oblique solidification. When constructing a soil nail wall, the slope should not be greater than 1:0.1. Soil nails are suitable for foundation fills and slope reinforcement of artificial fills, cohesive soils, weakly cemented sands above groundwater level or after precipitation. In addition, depending on the needs, slope protection pile construction, anchor construction, and beam construction can also be used. When using slope protection pile construction, every one meter deep, it is necessary to add formwork and fill concrete to prevent slope slippage and groundwater leakage. When digging more than five meters, lighting and ventilation should also be considered. During foundation construction, attention should also be paid to the support of the soil between the piles to prevent uneven settlement of the foundation caused by rainwater infiltration.

Reinforced concrete floor slabs can be divided into cast-in-place, assembled and assembled ones according to their construction methods: 1. Cast-in-place reinforced concrete beam and slab structure. Good overall rigidity, strong shock resistance, good waterproof performance, suitable for floor with special requirements, floor with vibration requirements, foyer part of public building, irregular floor plan, floor plan with high waterproof requirements Surface, high-rise building and floor structure of earthquake-resistant structure. The cast-in-situ beam structure is divided into a one-way ribbed floor, a two-way ribbed floor, a double well floor and a beamless floor, depending on the strength and supporting conditions of the slab. 2. Assembled reinforced concrete floor. The slabs are made of prefabricated components, which are convenient for industrial production. They are widely used in multi-storey civil buildings and multi-storey industrial plants. Due to their poor integrity, shock resistance and waterproof performance, such floors are inconvenient to open holes, so they have high-rise buildings and Waterproof requirements and floor coverings for openings are not suitable. If it is used in a multi-story seismic fortification house, it is necessary to take reinforcement measures according to the seismic code. 3. Assembled integral reinforced concrete floor: its overallity is better than that of the assembly, and it saves the support model compared with the cast-in-place type. However, this kind of floor covering is required to carry out secondary watering of concrete, and sometimes it is necessary to increase the welding workload, which has an adverse effect on the construction progress and cost. Therefore, it is only suitable for multi-layer industrial buildings with high loads, high-rise civil buildings and some buildings with seismic fortification requirements.

For the construction of the main body of the house, a certain construction sequence should be followed: the slash plane check column and the reserved joints on the wall must be filled with masonry installation or cast-in-place windows and doors. Arrange the bottom of the brick: When the first skin of the outer wall is the bottom of the concrete, the horizontal wall should be arranged with bricks, and the front and rear vertical walls should be arranged with bricks. According to the window door ink line that has been popped up, check whether the length dimension of the door and window partition wall and the wall column is in line with the brick pattern. If the modulus is not met, the plan for cutting bricks and emissions should be considered. Cut bricks or slabs should be placed in the middle of the window, next to the wall post or other inconspicuous parts. Brick selection: Choose bricks with neat edges, no curved cracks, and basically the same specifications. Disk angle: Before the wall is built, the angle should be first, and the angle of the brick wall built in each corner should not exceed five skins, and should be lifted in time, if the deviation is found to be repaired in time. When checking the angle of the disc, carefully compare the brick layer and the elevation of the leather rod to control the size of the gray seam so that the level of the gray seam is uniform. After each cornering of the corner, it should be inspected, and the leveling and verticality can fully meet the requirements before the wall can be hung. Hanging line: If you build a brick with a thickness of less than one, use a single-sided hanging line; if you build a brick and a half thick and above, you must double-layer the hanging line. If several walls of the long wall share a single connecting line at the same time, several branch points should be set in the middle; the small lines should be straight and straight, and each brick should be threaded to make the horizontal seam uniform and straight. Bricklaying: Bricklaying should be carried out by means of squeezing or by brickwork. The operation method of the Trinity Bricklaying Method is a ash ash, a brick, a squeezing squeegee, and the extruded mortar is scraped off by hand. During operation, the bricks should be flat and follow the line. During the masonry operation, the slits and random seams are controlled by the sections. Self-tests are often carried out. If deviations are found, they should be corrected at any time. It is strictly forbidden to use bricks to correct them afterwards. It should be scraped off with the ash traces of the brick wall overflowing with the slurry. Pre-embedded wood bricks: wood bricks should be treated with anti-corrosion treatment. When the pre-buried head is outside, the number of the big head is determined by the height of the hole; if the height of the hole is less than 1.2m, 2 pieces are placed on each side, and the height is 2~3m. Put 4 pieces on the side. The parts of the pre-buried wood bricks generally start at the upper and lower bricks of the hole, and are evenly distributed in the middle. Doors and windows are considered to be installed after the door and window frame is reserved. It should be noted that the width and elevation of the door and window openings meet the design requirements. In addition, when the door and window lintels are used as the hole l0<800, the reinforced bricks are used to pass the beam. When l0≥800, the precast reinforced concrete is used to smash the beam, and the supporting length on the brick wall is not less than 240; when the supporting length is insufficient, it should be pressed. The beam is directly connected to the column and wall. When there are no brick piers on the side of the door and window, the iron bars or the ribs are embedded on the concrete wall or the column to weld with the steel bars in the lintel.

For concrete pouring, the pouring method of mass concrete is: comprehensive layered layered layered slope layering. After the concrete is finally set, the concrete surface is covered or drenched within 10 hours to keep the concrete surface in a wet state, and the maintenance time is not less than 7 days. The time for demolishing the formwork shall be determined when the concrete test block maintained under the same conditions as the structure reaches the specified strength, or based on reliable parameter data, the concrete has exceeded the standard strength. However, when pouring concrete, it should be noted that due to its relatively small surface coefficient, the release of cement hydration heat is relatively concentrated, and the internal temperature rise is relatively fast. When the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete is large, the concrete will have temperature cracks, which will affect the safety and normal use of the structure. Therefore, it must be fundamentally analyzed to ensure the quality of construction. The main causes of cracks are: concrete hydration heat, external temperature changes, concrete shrinkage. Early methods for preventing temperature cracks include: preferentially using cement with low hydration heat, such as slag citrate cement. Reduce the amount of cement, mix the appropriate amount of ash coal or put a proper amount of stone in the pouring, slow down the casting speed and reduce the thickness of the casting, adopt artificial cooling measures, and cover it in time after pouring.

In the future study, I have a better goal. I have learned a lot of the deficiencies in my knowledge in this internship . This is a valuable experience. I will focus on it when I study. Slowly correct my shortcomings until I am right.

However, this is not enough for this internship . I still need more internships to discover my shortcomings. There are certainly many shortcomings in my inadequacy, but I have not found them for the time being. Only in the practice of internship can you infinitely enlarge your shortcomings, my shortcomings will show up, and then I will focus on correcting.

I believe that I will realize my dream of being an engineer. Although there are still many thorny roads on the road to growth, I believe that as long as I keep working hard, I will mature and succeed.