Inspirational story: the genius in the wheelchair - Hawking

On the occasion of the new millennium, the White House has conducted a series of speeches, among which the science-themed speech is "Imagination and Change - Science of the Next Millennium." Its speaker is Professor Stephen Hawking, a professor of mathematics and theoretical physics at the University of Cambridge, England. He has a severe disability and his hands are only 3 fingers. This extremely disabled and extremely intelligent scientist became the ideal candidate for this unusual speech. Nicknamed "Einstein"

In the 1990s, talking about cosmology became a fashion, and the Big Bang theory was not a new theory, but it was very novel in the public mind. Especially when it comes to Hawking, people show great interest and call him the best physicist since Einstein.

Hawking is British. He was born on January 8, 1942. This day coincides with the anniversary of the 300th anniversary of the death of Galileo, the Italian physicist and founder of modern physics. A few days ago, it was Newton’s birthday: January 4, 1643. Of course, this does not mean that the golden hole of the little Horkin on the ground is covered with a golden halo. In Hawking’s own words: "I estimate that about 200,000 babies were born on the same day."

Xiao Huojin, like ordinary children, likes toys, is fascinated by toy trains, and even spends his own money to buy electric trains. In his teens, Hawking also liked to make airplane models and ship models, and even tried to invent games such as factories that make different color parts, roads and railroads that transport products, and the stock market. Hawking and a classmate are responsible for the rules of the game. In compiling these games, Xiao Hawking's goal is to "build a model that I can control that can be activated." "These games and productions come from the requirements of exploring things and controlling them." This requirement has always driven Hawking to "explore things" and even work in later cosmological studies.

During his school days, Hawking was in a good class. Although his grades never went through the first half, he was still respected by his classmates. The classmates gave him a "nickname"---Einstein. Hawking has some good classmates in the class. They like to listen to music, especially classical music, such as Mozart, Mahler, Beethoven, and also go to the concert hall to listen to music. They also often discuss some scientific and religious issues, such as the origin of the universe and whether the operation of the universe requires the role of God.

Eyes toward the universe

In the last two years of the middle school era, a math teacher came to the class. His teaching is inspiring, which inspired Hawking's interest in mathematics and physics. Although his father encouraged him to study science, he hoped that he would study biology similar to his father's profession. Recalling the study in middle school, Hawking said: "In my childhood, I treated all sciences equally. After the age of thirteen or four, I knew that I had to do research in physics, because this is the most basic science, even though I I know that middle school physics is too easy to be too shallow, so it is too boring. Chemistry is much more fun, and there are many unexpected things happening, such as explosions, etc. But physics and astronomy are expected to solve where we come from and why. The problem. I want to explore the underlying of the universe. "It can be seen that although the ambition of the young Hawking is not great, "to explore the underlying of the universe" is certainly influential to his later research. After graduating from high school, Hawking was admitted to Oxford University and received a scholarship as his father hoped. Learning physics was not a laborious task for Hawking, and he was admitted to the Ph.D. in theoretical physics at Cambridge University. Why do you choose a theoretical physics major? Hawking later said: "There are two areas in theoretical physics that are basic, one is to study very large scales, that is, cosmology; the other is to study very small scales, both basic particles. "That is to say, theoretical physics is linked to the "big" universe and the "small" elementary particles. Finally, he decided to study cosmology because "there is a well-defined theory in cosmology, namely Einstein's general theory of relativity." General relativity is the theoretical basis for studying cosmology. Reward the favor of society

During the study period, Hawking got a strange disease, a motor neuron disease. This disease makes Hawking, who is inherently inflexible, more clumsy, and the disease quickly deteriorates. Hawking was so upset that he thought he couldn't live for long. However, Hawking did not give up the normal work and study, and he got married at that time. Five years later he became the father of three children.

The sick Hawking is still the same, even more diligent. He had dreamt that he was executed, and he hoped, "If I am forgiven, I can do many valuable things." He believes that "I have to sacrifice my life to save others" and do something good to repay the society's favor for him. Hard work has made Hawking a great achievement. He became famous in the field of physics with the study of black holes. A black hole is a small, very large mass, that is, it has a high density. This celestial body is a celestial body that is theoretically inferred. As early as 200 years ago, a French scientist raised the issue of black holes. He believes that a star that satisfies certain conditions will absorb the light emitted by itself under the influence of gravity, making us look like a "dark group." However, this sci-fi prophecy has not received much attention. When Einstein established general relativity, a German scientist re-predicted the existence of black holes by means of general relativity. He found that a black hole with a mass equal to the mass of the sun has a diameter of only 2.95 kilometers; and a black hole equivalent to the mass of the earth has a diameter of only 0.9 cm. By the end of the 1930s, when an American scientist studied the evolution of stars, he again studied the black hole problem. He believes that when the star burns out, under the influence of gravity, the star will endlessly collapse and eventually form a black hole. Studying black holes and attracting attention from the world

In the 1960s, a series of new discoveries in astronomy inspired the study of astrophysics. Hawking was at the right time, and the study of black holes made him stand out. Hawking introduced the study of thermals into black holes, which greatly deepened the understanding of black holes. At this time, Hawking believes that there may be a "micro black hole." Such black holes are small, and some are as small as protons or neutrons. According to the theory of modern physics, when the object is so small, it should obey the laws of quantum mechanics. Further research by Hawking shows that black holes can evaporate; the smaller the black hole, the faster it evaporates. A 1 billion tons of black hole will take 10 billion years to evaporate, and the energy released in the last 0.1 seconds is equivalent to 1 million million tons of hydrogen bomb explosion. That is to say, should we carefully conduct astronomical observations and try to find such "micro black holes" in the space to make use of it?!

Hawking has made great contributions to the study of the big bang theory. He believes that the universe originated from a "singularity", and the explosion at the "singularity" produced particles and energy. The interaction between the particles produced a nebula that evolved into our world today. Today's universe is still expanding, and the future universe may continue to expand, or it may shrink to the "singularity" that formed the universe when it expanded to the limit. It seems that this is very interesting, however, this is the level of people's understanding of the universe today. He received the 1978 Einstein Prize for his achievements in astrophysics research. In 1980 he became a professor at the Lucas Lecture at Trinity College. Newton used to be a professor at the lecture. Now, Hawking is almost 60 years old. Despite physical disability, he often travels, speaks, and writes. His "A Brief History of Time" has been published in tens of millions of books and translated into more than 40 languages. Due to the legendary struggle of Hawking, his "A Brief History of Time" was also put on the screen. People saw the black hole and the picture of elementary particles. Listening to Hawking’s sounds on computer keyboards and computer synthesis, people were shocked by the esoterics of modern physics and cosmology, sighed by human wisdom, and even more admired Hawking’s huge bearing. When you are in pain, you are still climbing the great spirit of the scientific peak.