The 2019 autumn crop disaster reduction and disaster response plan

This year's special climatic conditions caused wheat to be delayed by about 7 days compared with previous years, which caused the autumn crops, especially corn, to be delayed. The autumn crop has a short growth period and a small space for management. During the period, it is a season of natural disasters such as pests, diseases, droughts, hail and hail. If the response is not effective, it will cause heavy losses to farmers and even the county's agricultural production. In order to timely respond to various natural disasters that may occur, we will be prepared to take advantage of the autumn harvest and complete the annual agricultural production targets.
I. Enhancing Ideological Understanding This year, the county's summer grain production once again captured a bumper harvest in the year of the disaster, laying a good foundation for the annual agricultural harvest. Whether it can complete the annual agricultural production target, autumn agricultural production has become the key. In the case of disasters in the fall, we need to further raise our awareness, enhance our sense of urgency and sense of responsibility, and do everything possible to do a good job in this autumn's agricultural production. If we fail to work, the reduction in production in the autumn will inevitably affect the county's agricultural and rural economic development. social stability. Therefore, we must take the autumn crop disaster response work as an important task, treat it as a political task, stand at the overall height, take effective measures, and do a good job in disaster prevention, disaster prevention, and disaster reduction work for autumn crops. Capture the harvest this fall.
Second, strengthen organizational leadership In order to timely organize disaster reduction and disaster response work to ensure a bumper harvest of autumn crops, the County Agricultural Bureau established the Autumn Crop Disaster Reduction and Disaster Response Headquarters and established a technical guidance group. All townships and towns should attach great importance to the work of reducing and responding to autumn crops, and set up corresponding organizations to take the work of reducing and responding to autumn crops as a major task to ensure food production increase, farmers' income increase, and agricultural efficiency. Practically strengthen leadership, implement responsibilities, and make careful arrangements to ensure Implementation of various measures.
Third, do a good job in disaster preparedness and disaster preparedness. The preparatory work for disaster relief seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and technology should be implemented as soon as possible. In particular, it is necessary to do a good job of seed preparation in a timely manner, and reserve mung beans, cabbage, and radish with short growth period. Sweet potato and other disaster-reducing crop seeds and seedlings.
IV. Various contingency measures Drought response: The effective irrigated area in our county is large, and short-term drought generally does not have a great impact on crop production. However, in the case of prolonged drought or drought during key agricultural seasons, it will cause autumn seedlings to be thin, growth retardation, growth stagnation, falling flowers and fruit, etc., affecting agricultural production in autumn. At this time, measures should be taken in a timely and decisive manner to increase irrigation efforts to meet the growth needs of autumn crops and ensure a good harvest in autumn.
Disaster relief: In the early stage of growth, it will encounter locust disasters. It should be timely ploughed, diverted, ventilated, warmed, and applied with appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer. It can also spray foliar fertilizer to promote its growth and reduce yield loss. In the later stage of growth, in case of disasters, field diagnosis should be carried out in time, and corresponding measures should be taken depending on the degree of disaster.
Wind and Strain: In the early stage of the growth of autumn crops, it encounters strong winds and falls, which has little effect on the yield. It depends on the self-regulation of plants to restore growth, and no need to take corrective measures. After the small trumpet period of corn encounters the ups and downs of the wind, it should be timely and righted, and shallow soil, in order to promote roots, strengthen the lodging resistance, restore the natural distribution of the leaves, reduce production losses; serious disasters should be considered Kind.
Disaster response: Due to abundant rainfall in July and August, precipitation is concentrated, time and space are unevenly distributed, and heavy rains often occur with a precipitation of >200mm, or continuous precipitation of >300mm, which is likely to cause flood disasters, which affect autumn crops. Major meteorological disasters produced. According to different disaster situations, the contingency measures are as follows:
1. Timely elimination of water in the field No matter what type of flooded farmland, first of all, we must promptly eliminate the accumulation of water in the field, and must not be flooded for a long time.
2. Differentiating the situation, classifying and managing corn: slight lodging in the early stage of growth can not help; generally lodging in the field advocates light support, avoiding a lot of root damage, timely cultivating, applying urea 10-15 kg per mu; serious lodging can be considered Kind. In the field that is folded down in the late growth period, do not take corrective measures to avoid the corn stalks from being completely broken during the artificial righting process.
Cotton: Lodging the field to promote light support, try to reduce the root damage, strengthen the cultivating soil, apply 5 kg of urea per acre, spray urea + potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray every 7-10 days, even spray 2 - 3 times.
Peanuts, peppers, etc.: It is an intolerant crop, which can be managed differently depending on the victim situation. Strengthen the management with less damage, timely cultivating, supplementing nitrogen fertilizer and enhancing root activity. If the victim is seriously injured, it should be replanted in time.
3. Replanting measures to replant vegetables: First, replanting white radish. Variety can be selected from Dihuang, Deri 2, Fengguang, etc., sowing in early August, ridge planting, 8000-10000 points per acre, harvest after frost, and planting wheat in time in late October, select Zhengmai 366 Such as weak spring varieties. The second is to replant Chinese cabbage. In July, you can use Yuzao No.1, Yuyuan 50, Xiayang 50 and other varieties, planting 4000-5000 plants per acre, harvested in September; after the autumn, you can choose Xinxiang packet 23, Zhongbao 57, Zhengbai 4, Yuyuan No.1, No.2 and other varieties, first seedlings replanted, according to the characteristics of the variety, the planting density of the long growing period is small, the planting density of short growth period can be increased, XX-4000 trees are planted in the mu, harvested in late October, timely after harvest Seeding weak spring wheat such as Yumai 34 and Yujiao No. 2. The third is to replant the cowpea. The variety can be selected from the national trial No. 1, Thailand Bean, Green Dragon Bean, Fufeng 623, etc., planted in early August, and harvested in early September. The fourth is to replant lettuce, oil wheat, Shanghai green, coriander, sage and other leafy vegetables. It can be sown at any time, and it can be harvested 45 days after sowing. The fifth is to grow celery, parsley and other winter vegetables, can be broadcast in mid-August, in mid-October to pick up the seedlings, take a small arch shed to prevent cold, can be sold before and after the Spring Festival, after the Tengjiao watermelon, intercropping spring cotton, the benefits are considerable. Sixth, the carrots were replanted. The carrots were planted in the middle and late July, and the three red varieties of red, red and red cores were selected, such as the rookie three red, the straight three red and so on. Seven is to sow autumn cucumbers and autumn beans. Harvesting begins 50 days after sowing. It can last for 40-50 days. Cucumber is selected from No. 2 Yujin No. 2, Jinchun No. 4, Jinlu No. 4, etc.
Replanting mung beans: Mung bean has a large elasticity during sowing, which is a good disaster relief crop. When planting, choose Yulu 4, No. 5 and other short-term and early-maturing varieties. You can apply 7.5 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per acre during the branching period, and add 5 kg of urea to enhance the root-fixing ability of rhizobium. The seeds are full.
Planting sweet potato: planting autumn sweet potato should be planted from other sweet potato fields, each seedling with 4-5 stem segments, buried in the soil three stem segments, planting 5000-6000 plants per acre, planting ridges. In the sweet potato expansion period, combined with watering, 5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was applied per mu, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed in the late growth stage of sweet potato. The stems and leaves of autumn potatoes are tender and vulnerable to pests such as Spodoptera litura and sweet potato hawk moth. During the growth of autumn sweet potato, do not turn over the vines, avoid the vines and damage the vine roots, reduce the nutrient absorption capacity and the plant's resistance to stress, resulting in reduced production.
Pest and disease strain
1. Corn pests and diseases: When the corn is damaged by the corn borer, the rate of the flower plant is up to 10%, and the 1% phoxim granules are sprinkled in the heart leaves for control, about 2 grams per plant; when the leaf worm has a rate of 5% At the time, use 15% broom emulsifiable concentrate 1500-XX times solution or 10.5% Avi 哒 emulsifiable concentrate 3000-5000 times liquid spray; corn ear blast, cotton bollworm insect ear rate 10% or 100-flowered worm insect 50 head When using 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 800 times droplet filament; when the corn locust strain rate is 50% or 100 蚜 5000 5000, it can be sprayed with 40% dimethoate 1500-XX times or 2.5% deltamethrin 3000 times solution; Some corn varieties in the flood season are prone to brown spot disease. At the beginning of the disease, spray with 12.5% ​​of the fruit 1200 times or 70% of the mancozeb 600 times to add Tianfengsu, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, etc.; When the leaf rate of spot disease is 20%, it can be sprayed with 75% methyl thiophanate or 75% chlorothalonil 500-800 times, once every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 times.
2. Peanut pests and diseases: When root rot and stem rot occur in the field, 50% carbendazim or 75% methyl thiophanate WP 1000 times liquid can be sprayed, and 50-75 kilograms of liquid is used in the mu, usually in the early stage of the disease. Once, spray again 1 time before flowering. When the rate of peanut stalks reaches 30-40%, the amount of 10,000 stalks should be controlled. Use 10% imidacloprid WP or 3% acetamiprid emulsifiable concentrate 1000-XX times, or 40%. Fruit emulsion l000-1500 times liquid. The control method of leaf mites is the same as above. When the rate of worms reaches 5-10%, the cotton bollworm can use 80-120 ml of phoxim, dilute 1500-XX times, and use 50 kg of medicinal liquid. Prevention and control of golden tortoise shell: 1Using the adult's suspended animation and strong phototaxis, in the period of adult growth, artificially killing or light trapping in the windless evening; 2 scraping 15-20 cm wide at the height of about 1.5 meters from the ground. The epidermis is smeared with 40% omethoate EC and 1:1 dilution of water, and sprayed once every 15 days; 3 sprayed with 40% omethoate EC or 80% dichlorvos 800-1000 times to kill the insects. Prevention and treatment of cockroaches: The prevention and treatment period is in the middle of July, and the amount of optic worms will be replenished once in the first ten days of August. Use 3% methyl isoflavone granules or 3% phoxim granules 3-5 kg ​​per acre, mix 20 kg of fine soil with ridges and sprinkle on the peanut roots, and pour the soil after application to improve the control effect; 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 250-400 ml with water 500-1000 kg ridged root irrigation. When peanut leaf spot, net spot disease rate is 5% or diseased leaf rate is 10-15%, spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 1000-1500 times liquid, also It can spray 75% chlorothalonil WP or 70% mancozeb 600-800 times solution, spray 75-100 kg per acre, spray once every 15 days. If the weather is dry, the interval can be extended. Spray even 2-3 times.
3. Cotton pests and diseases: After the onset of cotton seedlings, 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution is sprayed and sprayed 2-3 times. Fuximu is sterilized with 80% dichlorvos EC 75 ml and water 2.5 kg mixed with 7.5 kg of wheat bran in cotton. In the heiferous period of cotton bollworm, the willow branches or lights are used to trap the adult worms. The first generation uses 100-200 times of methyl methacrylate to drip the cotton seedlings; the second generation is used in the hatching period of cotton bollworms with 2.5% bromine 2,500 times of pyrethroid or cyhalothrin, or 1500-XX times with 20% methomyl emulsifiable concentrate, low-capacity poly top spray with 0.7 mm spray, focusing on protecting the top; preventing the third and fourth generation of cotton bollworm with npv emulsion 200-250 times Liquid spray, mixed spray of beta-cypermethrin with phoxim, methomyl, rivaine during the incubation period to the young larvae. The control method of cotton leafhopper is the same as above. Cotton blind mites are controlled by sprays of omethoate, malathion, phoxim, dichlorvos, raveviline and the like. Cotton Verticillium wilt was sterilized with 50% carbendazim into a 0.3% effective liquid soaked cotton seed for 14 hours. In the early stage of the disease, the mixture was sprayed with roots and bacteria, such as chlorpyrifos, Baozhida, Wanjiafeng and Shuofeng 481 or Tianfengsu.
4. Other pests and diseases: When the larvae of the larvae have 10-15 heads of the newly hatched larvae, they are sprayed with 5% times of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or 2.5% of deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate. Sweet potato black spot disease is immersed in 50% carbendazim WP 800-1000 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 500 times before seedling for 5 minutes; 50% carbendazim before planting The wet powder is 500-800 times liquid soaked in the base of the potato seedling for 2-3 minutes for prevention.